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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Comput Educ. 2015 Feb 1;81:154–168. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.10.005

Table 1.

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics for Pretest and Posttest Means (N=35) See Table Notes.

Pretest
M (SD)
Posttest
M (SD)
t (p-value) f2
Handwriting
Alphabet 15 cursive 2.27 (3.12) 3.26 (3.01) −2.42 p=.022 0.20
DASH Copy Fast 5.66 (2.73) 6.75 (2.88) −2.43 p=.020 0.17
DASH Copy Best 8.00 (3.25) 9.31 (2.87) −3.70 p=.001 0.40
Word Spelling
TOC Letter Choice 8.03 (3.33) 9.00 (4.20) −2.89 p=.007 0.27
TOC Sight Spelling 8.13 (3.26) 9.26 (2.93) −3.15 p=.004 0.33
TOC Word Choice 9.17 (3.28) 10.53 (4.02) −2.23 p=.030 0.17
TOC Word Scrambles 8.78 (2.65) 9.65 (3.22) −2.82 p=.008 0.25
Written Sentence Syntax Composing
WIAT 3 Sent Comba 94.18 (14.46) 99.59 (13.72) −2.436 p=.030 0.17
Oral Syntax Composing
CELF-4 Sent Formb 10.03 (3.64) 11.67 (2.73) −2.869 p=.0071 0.25

Notes:Scale M=10, SD=3 except for WIAT 3 M=100, SD=15 and raw score for Alphabet 15 seconds).

a

Sent Comb=Sentence Combining

b

Sent Form=Sentence Formulation