Table 2.
Final Multivariable Models of Academic Achievement (WAIT-II-A), comparing PHIV to HEU
| Total Achievement | Word Reading | Spelling | Numerical Operations | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Estimate (95% CI) |
p-value | Estimate (95% CI) |
p-value | Estimate (95% CI) |
p-value | Estimate (95% CI) |
p-value |
| HIV status (PHIV v HEU) | −0.59 (−3.82, 2.65) | 0.72 | −0.14 (−3.54, 3.26) | 0.94 | 0.89 (−2.57, 4.35) | 0.61 | −2.49 (−6.32, 1.34) | 0.20 |
| Age | −1.34 (−1.92, −0.75) | <0.001 | −1.61 (−2.23, −1.00) | <0.001 | −0.89 (−1.52, −0.26) | 0.006 | −1.22 (−1.90, −0.54) | <0.001 |
| Race (black v other) | −4.60 (−7.87, −1.34) | 0.006 | −5.79 (−9.22, −2.36) | <0.001 | −4.33 (−7.85, −0.82) | 0.016 | −2.94 (−6.73, 0.86) | 0.13 |
| Household income <$20K | −3.16 (−6.19, −0.13) | 0.041 | −3.61 (−6.79, −0.43) | 0.026 | _ | _ | −4.76 (−8.44, −1.09) | 0.011 |
| CG Biological Parent | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | 4.43 (0.45, 8.41) | 0.029 |
| CG FSIQ <85 | −5.22 (−8.51, −1.93) | 0.002 | −5.83 (−9.42, −0.65) | 0.025 | _ | _ | −6.84 (−10.65, −3.03) | <0.001 |
| Child Talked <2 yrs old | 7.36 (2.32, 12.41) | 0.004 | 9.47 (4.17, 14.77) | <0.001 | 8.94 (3.48, 14.41) | 0.001 | 6.65 (0.83, 12.47) | 0.025 |
| Child ever hospitalized | −6.68 (−10.47, −2.90) | <0.001 | −7.29 (−11.25, −3.31) | <0.001 | −5.86 (−9.94, −1.79) | 0.005 | −6.19 (−10.57, −1.81) | 0.006 |
| HIV Disease Severity Measures (PHIV only) | ||||||||
| CDC Class C | −5.26 (−9.65, −0.87) | 0.019 | −4.67 (−9.35, 0.00) | 0.05 | −5.69 (−10.49, -.089) | 0.02 | −6.44 (−11.52, −1.36) | 0.013 |
| Peak VL >75K copies/mL | −4.79 (−10.51, 0.93) | 0.10 | _ | _ | _ | _ | −5.75 (−12.40, 0.89) | 0.09 |
| Cumulative Years on HAART | _ | _ | −0.40 (−0.92, 0.12) | 0.13 | _ | _ | −0.42 (−0.99, 0.15) | 0.15 |
WIAT-II-A= Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, 2nd Ed., Abbreviated; PHIV = perinatally acquired HIV; HEU = HIV exposed, uninfected; CG= caregiver; CDC= Centers for Disease Control, FSIQ= Full Scale IQ; VL= viral load
Note: For each achievement domain, a multivariable adjusted model was fit including HIV status and the other covariates shown. The estimate reflects the mean difference in achievement scores for those with the characteristic noted versus those without, or for each one unit increase in continuous measures (e.g., age in years).