Table I.
Baseline characteristics of participants and contraceptive method started postpartum
| IUD (n=293) | DMPA (n=190) | P value** | OCPs (n=112) | P value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (±sd*) | 26.3 (+/− 4.9) | 25.9 (+/− 5.0) | 0.48 | 25.9 (+/− 4.8) | 0.47 |
| Married, # (%) | 261 (89.1) | 169 (88.9) | 0.96 | 102 (91.1) | 0.56 |
| Total number of pregnancies, median (IQR**) | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 0.77 † | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 0.11 † |
| Total number of living children, median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 0.61 † | 2.0 (1.0,3.0) | 0.54 † |
| Report at least 1 child death, # (%) | 83 (28.3) | 52 (27.4) | 0.82 | 29 (25.9) | 0.62 |
| Years of schooling, mean (±sd) | 7.2 (+/− 3.0) | 7.5 (+/− 2.9) | 0.31 | 7.1 (+/− 3.4) | 0.57 |
| Any prior contraceptive use, n (%) | 178 (60.8) | 125 (65.8) | 0.26 | 60 (53.6) | 0.18 |
| Enrollment CD4+ count, mean (±sd) | 517.6 (+/− 265.1) | 497.4 (+/− 256.3) | 0.41 | 488.6 (+/−239.9) | 0.31 |
| CD4+ count < 200 cells/μL, # (%) | 28 (9.6) | 17 (8.9) | 0.81 | 12 (10.7) | 0.73 |
| Enrollment Hgb, g/dL (sd) | 11.7 (+/− 1.9) | 11.6 (+/− 2.2) | 0.64 | 11.7 (+/− 1.4) | 0.91 |
| BMI at enrollment, mean, kg/m2 (sd) | 24.2 (+/− 3.9) | 23.9 (+/− 4.3) | 0.47 | 24.4 (+/− 3.6) | 0.62 |
| Time in study-months (median, Ist and 3rd quarter) | 27.6 (21.1,32.9) | 26.2 (13.6,32.9) | 0.05 † | 25.7 (14.4,32.1) | <0.00† |
| Breast feeding at enrollment | 269 (93.7) | 186 (98.4) | 0.01 | 107 (96.4) | 0.30 |
*
Use of Fisher’s Exact Test due to small expected cell sizes
†
P-derived from Kruskal-Wallis Test
**
Compared to the IUD arm