Table 4.
Formula | RRplacebo | RRfull | |
---|---|---|---|
1 / 0.50 = 2.0 | 0.62* | ||
1 / 0.33 = 3.03 | 0.68 | ||
1 / 0.78 = 1.28 | 0.57 |
example calculation per (28),
RRadj=0.54 (observed adjusted association between high adherence to HT and hip fracture)
Ph=0.30 (prevalence of poor adherence behavior among women with high adherence to placebo, i.e., prevalence of low/missing persistence with osteoporosis medications from table 3)
Pl=0.50 (prevalence of poor adherence behavior among women with low adherence to placebo, i.e., prevalence of low/missing persistence with osteoporosis medications from table 3)
RRplacebo=0.50 (95%CI=0.33–0.78), inverted observed adjusted association between poor adherence to placebo and hip fracture, observed in Table 2
RRfull=fully adjusted association between HT and hip fracture, after controlling for residual confounding (adherence behavior identified by adherence to osteoporosis pharmacotherapy).
Applying differential adherence to statins identifies similar externally-adjusted results, i.e., RR=0.63, with point estimates for the RR ranging from 0.57 to 0.69 depending on the true value of RRplacebo