Table 3. Risk factors for neurological complications in neonatal bacteremia with meningitis or septic shock.
| Variable | N (%) (total n = 144) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Multivariate logistic regression analysis | |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |||
| Gestational age | ||||
| ≤27 weeks | 39 (27.1) | 1 (ref.) | - | - |
| 28–32 weeks | 41 (28.4) | 2.12 (0.58–7.71) | - | - |
| 33–36 weeks | 26 (18.1) | 3.22 (0.84–12.43) | - | - |
| ≥37 weeks | 38 (26.4) | 7.08 (2.10–23.90) | 3.23 (0.81–12.97) | 0.098 |
| Male gender | 86 (59.7) | 0.68 (0.32–1.46) | - | - |
| Pathogens | ||||
| Overall | 144 (100) | 1 (ref.) | ||
| Group B streptococcus | 23 (15.8) | 16.13 (4.56–56.99) | 8.90 (2.20–36.08) | 0.002 |
| Gram-negative bacilli | 73 (50.7) | 2.41 (0.82–7.10) | 2.31 (0.75–7.13) | 0.145 |
| Multi-drug resistant bacteria* | 10 (6.9) | 1.89 (0.71–5.44) | - | - |
| Pre-existing neurological sequelae | 27 (18.8) | 0.63 (0.22–1.81) | - | - |
| Combined meningitis and septic shock | 14 (9.7) | 10.00 (2.90–34.44) | 5.94 (1.53–23.15) | 0.010 |
*Indicating Gram-negative bacilli was resistant to at least three or more of the following antimicrobial categories: carbapenems, penicillins, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, monobactams, aminoglycosides and fluorquinolones.