Table 4. Logistic regression for any problems in the five dimensions with demographic variables.
| Mobility (OR) | Self-care | Usual activities | Pain and discomfort | Anxiety and depression | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Age group | |||||
| 18–29 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 30–39 | 3.7(0.99–13) | 0.6(.03–1.) | 0.08(0.01–.53)** | 1.1(.6–3.6) | |
| 40–49 | 3.3(0.9–12) | 1.8(0.17–19) | .24(0.07–.86)** | 3.2(1.4–7.4)** | |
| 50–59 | 4.4(1.2–16)** | 1.5(0.14–15) | .16(0.05–.51)** | 3.5(1.5–8.2)** | |
| 60–69 | 5.3(1.5–20)** | 3.1(0.31–29) | .25(0.09–.75)** | 3.3(1.4–8)** | |
| 70+ | 7.5(2–28)** | 7.8(0.9–75) | 1 | 3.7(1.5–9.3)** | |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Sinhala | Ref | ||||
| Tamil | 1.1(.12–10) | ||||
| Muslim | 6.4(.9–43) | ||||
| other | 3.1(.05–199 | ||||
| Education | |||||
| No formal education | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Primary | 1.2(0.5–3) | 1.5(0.5–5.4) | 2.4(0.6–10) | 0.9(0.4–2.2) | |
| Secondary | 0.6(0.2–1.4) | 0.3(0.1–1.2) | 0.9(.2–3.6) | 0.5(0.2–1.1) | |
| Tertiary | 0.2(0.04–0.9)** | 0.3(0.02–3.8) | 1 | 0.3(0.1–0.9)* | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never Married | Ref | Ref | |||
| Married | 1.7(.8–3.7) | 1.0(0.5–2.2) | |||
| Widow/divorced | 1.5(.4–5.3) | 4.2(1.3–13.5)** | |||
| Religion | |||||
| Buddhist | Ref | Ref | |||
| Hindu | – | 0.5(0.04–7) | |||
| Islam | 1.2(.6–2.8) | 0.17(0.03–1) | |||
| Christian | 0.18((.03–.9)** | ||||
| Any disease experience | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 3.4(2–6)** | 4.9(1.7–14)** | 4(1.4–11)** | 3.3(2.2–5)** | 3(1.7–5)** |
| Visits to a doctor within last 30 days | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||
| 1 | 1.5(0.9–3) | 2.1(.8–5.9) | 1.4(.8–2.3) | ||
| 2 | 2(0.9–5) | 3.4(.9–12) | 1.4(.6–3.3) | ||
| 3 | 1.7(.5–6) | 7.4(1.4–38) | 7(2.3–20)** | ||
| 4 | 1.9(.5–8) | 2.6(.2–26) | 1.8(.4–7.7) | ||
| Hospital within last year | |||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 1 | 1.7(0.9–3.2) | 3.8(1.5–9.4)** | 3.3(1.3–8)** | 2(1.2–3.6)** | .98(.5–1.9) |
| 2 | 2.5(.86–7) | 4.3(0.9–21)* | 1.6(.3–8) | 1.9(.7–5) | 1.7(.57–4.9) |
| 3 or more | 4.2(1.1–16)** | 3.2(0.6–17) | 4.8(0.9–25) | 3.4(0.9–14)* | 4.5(1.3–16)** |
| District | |||||
| Colombo | Ref | Ref | |||
| Kandy | .5(0.1–2.7) | .85(.2–3.5) | |||
| Kurunegala | 5(1.4–17)** | 2.8(.8–9.4)* | |||
| Kalutara | 3.3(0.8–13) | 2.4(.7–8.6) | |||
| Frequency of public religious activities | |||||
| Never | Ref | ||||
| Once a year or less | 1.5(.12–20) | ||||
| A few times a year | 1.8(.16–21) | ||||
| A few times a month | 1.3(1.6–14) | ||||
| Once a week | 1.4(.12–16) | ||||
| More than once a week | 3.4(.3–39) | ||||
| Frequency of private religious activities | |||||
| Rarely or never | Ref | ||||
| A few times a month | 0.7(0.9–7) | ||||
| Once a week | 0.4(0.3–5) | ||||
| Two or more times a week | 2(.5–8) | ||||
| Daily | 1.9(0.8–5) | ||||
| More than once a day | 3.6(1.4–10)** | ||||
| House structure | |||||
| Single house | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||
| Flat/apartment | 1 | 0.17(0.01–1.9) | 0.86(.4–1.8) | ||
| Hut/Shanty | 2.3 (.6–8.3) | 4.3(1.1–16)** | 3.1(1.2–8)** | ||
| Tenure | |||||
| Owned | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||
| Owned with mortgage | 1 | 2.1(.4–11) | 0.3(0.02–4.2) | ||
| Rented | 23(3–173)** | 2.9(.9–10) | 5(1.6–16)** | ||
| Other | 1.1(0.06–20) | 1.6(0.4–7) | 1.2(.2–8) | ||
| Internet access | |||||
| Yes | Ref | ||||
| No | 0.4(.07–1.9) |
OR = Odds Ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence Interval; * – significant at p<0.05, ** – significant at p<0.01.