Effect of intermittent and continuous low doses of digoxin on the heart function of patients with heart failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. (A) Heart rate: ILDD/CLDD vs. control, P<0.001, ILDD vs. CLDD, P=0.072. (B) LVEDD: ILDD/CLDD vs. control, P<0.001, ILDD vs. CLDD, P=0.051. (C) LVEF, ILDD/CLDD vs. control P<0.001: ILDD vs. CLDD, P=0.149. (D) BNP: ILDD/CLDD vs. control, P<0.001, ILDD vs. CLDD, P=0.592. (E) CO: ILDD/CLDD vs. control, P<0.001: ILDD vs. CLDD, P=0.094. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. ILDD, intermittent low doses of digoxin; CLDD, continuous low doses of digoxin; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CO, cardiac output.