Table 4.
Dichotomous outcomes in the reviewed studies
| Reference N | Instrument | Subscale | n IT-IEM | n control | Results | Test of between group significance | Cramer's V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological adjustment, self-report | |||||||
| % present IT-IEM/% present control | Compared to healthy control group | ||||||
| Muelly et al., 2013 [24] | SCID, DSM-IV | Depression current | 26 | 26 | 29/4 | χ2 = 22.68; df = 1; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.34 |
| N = 26 | Depression lifetime | 26 | 26 | 42/19 | χ2 = 12.48; df = 1; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.25 | |
| Anxiety current | 26 | 26 | 42/15 | χ2 = 17.89; df = 1; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.30 | ||
| Anxiety lifetime | 26 | 26 | 58/31 | χ2 = 14.96; df = 1; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.27 | ||
| Psychological adjustment, proxy-report | |||||||
| n IT-IEM in different categories (n control n.a.) | No group of comparison | ||||||
| Gramer et al., 2013 [19] | Perceived burden for the child | 34 | none | No (n = 5), little (n = 17), middle (n = 5), heavy (n = 4), very heavy (n = 3) | n.a. | n.a. | |
| N = 34 | |||||||
| Social behaviour | 34 | none | Lower than norm (n = 3), same as norm (n = 28), higher than norm (n = 3) | n.a. | n.a. | ||
| % normal/at risk/clinically sign. IT-IEM | Compared to population norms | ||||||
| (% normal/at risk/clinically sign. control) | |||||||
| Grünert et al., 2013 [26] | SDQ | Emotional symptoms | 48 | 930 | 62/13/25 (84/7/9) | χ2 = 12.64; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.002 (**) | 0.25 |
| N = 48 | Conduct problems | 46 | 930 | 54/26/20 (69/16/15) | χ2 = 4.93; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.085 (ns) | 0.15 | |
| Hyperactivity/Inattention | 47 | 930 | 62/28/10 (86/6/8) | χ2 = 18.35; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.30 | ||
| Peer relationship problem | 46 | 930 | 39/20/41 (78/11/12) | χ2 = 32.92; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.40 | ||
| Prosocial behaviour | 47 | 930 | 57/9/34 (89/7/4) | χ2 = 30.95; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.39 | ||
| Influence on child's life | 48 | 930 | 60/11/29 (n.a.) | n.a. | n.a. | ||
| Total | 46 | 930 | 52/20/28 (85/8/7) | χ2 = 25.69; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.000 (***) | 0.36 | ||
| % normal/at risk/clinically sign. IT-IEM | Compared to population norms | ||||||
| (% normal/at risk/clinically sign. control) | |||||||
| Krivitzky et al., 2009 [27] | CBCL | Internalising problems | 68 | 576 | 79/17/4 (83/7/11) | χ2 = 5.87; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.053 (ns) | 0.17 |
| N = 92 | Externalising problems | 68 | 576 | 80/16/4 (83/7/11) | χ2 = 5.26; df = 2; p (2-tail) = 0.072 (ns) | 0.16 | |
Abbreviations: CBCL (Child Behaviour Check List), DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV), SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV), SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).