Table 1. Maternal and neonatal characteristics among neonates with and without placental pathology data.
| Characteristics | Neonates with placental pathology | Neonates with missing placental pathology (excluded) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Maternal | N = 2390 | N = 555 | |
|
| |||
| Mother's age, years | 27.2 (6.42) | 26.8 (6.39) | 0.20 |
| Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 27 (22, 32) | 26 (22, 32) | |
|
| |||
| Maternal Race/ethnicity, % | |||
| Black | 39.5 | 36.3 | |
| White | 35.7 | 37.8 | 0.44 |
| Hispanic | 19.8 | 21.5 | |
| Other | 5.0 | 4.4 | |
|
| |||
| ≥ 1 Prenatal visit, % | 93.8 | 94.0 | 0.95 |
|
| |||
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 3.9 | 5.1 | 0.23 |
|
| |||
| Parity, % | |||
| 0 or 1 | 38.6 | 38.9 | 0.089 |
| 2 or 3 | 46.0 | 49.2 | |
| > 3 | 15.4 | 11.9 | |
|
| |||
| Hypertension, % | |||
| Chronic | 8.3 | 8.0 | 0.54 |
| Pregnancy-induced | 9.8 | 11.3 | |
| None | 81.9 | 80.7 | |
|
| |||
| Prepartum hemorrhage, % | 22.9 | 17.6 | 0.0077** |
|
| |||
| PPROM >18h, % | 25.7 | 25.6 | 0.10 |
|
| |||
| Duration of PPROM, hrs | 34.4 (103.2) | 43.6 (152.7) | |
| Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 0 (0, 8.33) | 0 (0, 7.95) | 0.67 |
|
| |||
| Antenatal antibiotics, % | 66.9 | 58.0 | <.0001** |
|
| |||
| Antenatal steroids, % | 75.4 | 66.9 | <.0001** |
|
| |||
| Multiple birth, % | 25.9 | 21.8 | 0.054 |
|
| |||
| Cesarean delivery, % | 54.0 | 46.8 | 0.0025** |
|
| |||
| Mother's education: high school graduate, % | 74.2 | 72.0 | 0.41 |
|
| |||
| Insurance, % | |||
| Medicaid | 46.9 | 43.6 | 0.21 |
| Private | 39.5 | 40.4 | |
| Self/Other/Unins./Uknown. | 13.6 | 16.0 | |
|
| |||
| Neonatal | |||
|
| |||
| Birth weight, % | |||
| 401-500 g | 12.9 | 113.9 | 0.34 |
| 501-750 g | 54.1 | 50.6 | |
| 751-1000 g | 33.1 | 35.5 | |
|
| |||
| Gestational age, wk | 24.3 (1.35) | 24.3 (1.42) | |
| Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 25 (23, 25) | 24 (23, 26) | 0.74 |
|
| |||
| Male, % | 51.4 | 54.6 | 0.19 |
|
| |||
| SGA at birth, % | 5.8 | 5.8 | 1.00 |
|
| |||
| Delivery room resuscitation, % | 71.4 | 67.2 | 0.053 |
| Intubation, % | 71.2 | 67.2 | 0.067 |
| Epinephrine, % | 5.8 | 6.9 | 0.41 |
| Chest compression, % | 10.0 | 9.2 | 0.62 |
|
| |||
| Apgar score < 3, % | |||
| At 1 minute | 43.5 | 47.2 | 0.13 |
| At 5 minutes | 20.8 | 26.4 | 0.0050** |
|
| |||
| Cord pH1 | 7.28 (0.12) | 7.29 (0.12) | |
| Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 7.31 (7.24, 7.36) | 7.31 (7.24, 7.36) | 0.47 |
|
| |||
| Base deficit1, mmol/L | |||
| Mean (SD) | 4.99 (4.98) | 4.28 (4.34) | |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 4 (2, 7) | 3 (1, 5) | 0.020** |
Percentages were tested with a chi-square test. Medians were tested with a Wilcoxon rank sum test.
**
P-value is significant at alpha = 0.05 level of significance.
1
Cord pH and base deficit were found for the 1,648 that had cord blood gas (1,360 with placental pathology information, 288 without placental pathology information).