Table 3.
Distribution of children (%) under 5 years according to paternal characteristics
| |
2003 |
2010 |
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(n = 200) |
(n = 388) |
|
||
|
Categorical variables |
N* |
% |
N* |
% |
p-value** |
| Continuous variables # | Mean(SD) | Mean(SD) | |||
|
Father’s schooling (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Did not go to school |
15 |
8.2% |
- |
- |
< 0.001 ' |
| 1 to 4 years inclusive |
50 |
27.5% |
70 |
20.1% |
|
| 5 to 8 years inclusive |
39 |
21.4% |
48 |
13.8% |
|
| More than 8 years |
78 |
42.9% |
231 |
66.2% |
|
|
Father’s paid work in the last 30 days
|
|
|
|
||
| No |
17 |
8.9% |
81 |
20.9% |
< 0.001 |
| Yes |
173 |
91.1% |
245 |
63.1% |
|
|
Maternal marital situation
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Lack of a partner |
26 |
22.2% |
93 |
24.4% |
0.627 |
| Presence of a partner |
91 |
77.8% |
288 |
75.6% |
|
|
Maternal schooling(years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Did not go to school |
8 |
6.8% |
- |
- |
< 0.001 ' |
| 1 to 4 years inclusive |
27 |
23.1% |
88 |
25.2% |
|
| 5 to 8 years inclusive |
35 |
29.9% |
88 |
25.2% |
|
| More than 8 years |
47 |
40.2% |
173 |
49.6% |
|
|
Mother’s paid work in the last 30 days
|
|
|
|
||
| No |
67 |
59.3% |
259 |
67.8% |
0.094 |
| Yes |
46 |
40.7% |
123 |
32.2% |
|
|
Maternal age
#
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Average (years) |
183 |
26.21 (7.64) |
378 |
28.43 (9.33) |
0.005 |
|
Maternal height
#
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Average (cm) |
187 |
158.5 (5.29) |
350 |
158.8 (39.63) |
0.916 |
|
Maternal BMI
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Below 25 kg/m2 |
128 |
73.1% |
184 |
52.7% |
< 0.001 |
| Equal or above 25 kg/m2 |
47 |
26.9% |
165 |
47.3% |
|
|
Maternal time of residence in the urban area
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Less than 1 year |
- |
43 |
11.1% |
- |
|
| Between 1 and 7 years |
107 |
27.6% |
|||
| 7 years or more | 227 | 58.5% | |||
Assis Brasil, AC, 2003 and 2010.
*Missing in some variables.
**p-values without a mark ( ): Pearson’s chi-square test; with a mark ( ' ): Fisher's exact test.
#Continuous variables.