Table 1.
Epichloë species and genotype variation associated with endophytes of tall fescue.
| Endophyte species | Endophyte genotypea | Ploidy | Progenitorsb | Minimum marker set to distinguish species genotypes | Predicted chemotype classd | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mating type | Ergot alkaloid EAS | Indole-diterpene IDT/LTM | Loline LOL | Peramine PERc | |||||
| E. coenophiala | Profile 1 | 3x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ib) | AAA | dmaW, lpsB | lolC, lolA | perA-A2 | EAS, LOL, PER | |
| E. coenophiala | Profile 2 | 3x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ib) | AAA | dmaW, lpsB | idtQ | lolC, lolA | perA-A2 | EAS, LOL, PER |
| E. coenophiala | Profile 3 | 3x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ib) | AAA | dmaW, lpsB | idtG, idtQ | lolC, lolA | perA-A2 | EAS, IDT, LOL, PER |
| E. coenophiala | Profile 4 | 3x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ib) | AAA | idtG, idtQ | lolC, lolA | perA-A2 | IDT, LOL, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-2 | Profile 1 | 2x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) | BB | dmaW, lpsB | idtG, idtQ, ltmJ | perA-A2, ΔperA-A2 | EAS, LTM, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-2 | Profile 2 | 2x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) | AB | dmaW, lpsB | idtG, idtQ | perA-A2, ΔperA-A2 | EAS, IDT, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-2 | Profile 3 | 2x | Efe (II) × LAE (Vb) | AB | dmaW, lpsB | idtG, idtQ, ltmJ | perA-A2, ΔperA-A2 | EAS, LTM, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-3 | Profile 1 | 2x | LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ia) | AA | idtG, idtQ | lolC, lolA | perA-A2, ΔperA-A2 | IDT, LOL, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-3 | Profile 2 | 2x | LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ia) | AA | lolC, lolA | perA-A2, ΔperA-A2 | LOL, PER | ||
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-4 | Profile 1 | 2x | LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ia) | AB | dmaW, lpsB | idtG | perA-A2 | EAS, PER | |
| Epichloë sp. FaTG-4 | Profile 2 | 2x | LAE (Vb) × Ety (Ia) | AB | dmaW, lpsB | idtG, idtQ | perA-A2 | EAS, IDT, PER | |
Based on designations from Takach and Young (2014) and draft genome sequences of FaTG-2 isolates NFe45079 and NFe45115.
Efe (II), E. festucae (mating population II); LAE, Lolium associated endophyte (mating population Vb); Ety (Ia), E. typhina (mating population 1a); Ety (Ib), E. typhina (mating population 1b); Mating population as designated from Leuchtmann et al. (2014).
The perA-A2 marker is designed to the second adenylation domain. Some isolates have a deletion in this domain as represented by ΔperA-A2 (Takach et al., 2012).
Predicted chemotype class represents the class of genes that are found in the genome and do not always represent a functionally active locus. EAS, ergot alkaloids; IDT, indole diterpenes; LTM, lolitrem B; LOL, lolines; PER, peramine.