Table II.

Summary of clinical trials utilizing UCB that has been expanded ex vivo.

Type of expansion	Reference	Subjects	Cytokines	Days in culture	Fold-expansion		Days to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >500	Days to platelets >20 000	Survival (median length) and aGvHD
					TNC	CD34+
Liquid suspension	16	n = 37 adults and children	SCF, TPO, G-CSF	10	56	4	28	106	32% survival (minimum 17 months), 67% grade II–IV, 40% grade III–IV
	57	n = 35 adults and children	SCF, TPO, G-CSF	14	23	2.3	14	34	48% survival (11 months), 43% grade II–IV, 7% grade III–IV
	20	n = 10 adults and children	SCF, FL, IL-6, TPO, TEPA	21	219	6	30	48	30% survival (25 months), 44% grade II, no grade III–IV
	21	n = 5 adults& children	Notch ligand delta1, SCF, FL, IL-6, TPO, IL-3	16	660	160	14		83% survival (277 days)
Stromal co-culture	22	n = 6 adults and children	SCF, TPO, G-CSF	14	12	12	14.5	30	83% survival (12 months), 33% grade II, no grade III–IV
Continuous perfusion system	18	n = 27 children and a few adults	PIXY321, FL, EPO	12	2.4	0.5	22	71	39% survival (41 months)n 36% grade II–IV, 22% grade III–IV
	17	n = 2 adults	PIXY321, FL, EPO	12	2.2	1.6, second did not expand	28	56	100% survival (13 months), no