Table 4. Potential reduction of absolute educational inequalities in all-cause mortality between low and high educated (in deaths per 100,000 person-years), best practice scenario, by risk factor, country and sex.
Behavioural risk factors | Social and economic risk factors | |||||||||||
Smoking | Over-weight | Physical inactivity | Social participation | Low income | Economic inactivity | |||||||
Population | M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W | M | W |
Finland | 55 | 18 | ref | 0 | ref | ref | −12 | 5 | 20 | 1 | 12 | ref |
Sweden | 33 | 58 | 0 | 0 | na | na | 0 | 1 | 14 | 6 | ref* | ref* |
Norway | 83 | 80 | 1 | 0 | 72 | 73 | 14 | 1 | 48 | 26 | 13* | 13* |
Denmark | 204 | 101 | 5 | 0 | 15 | 23 | 16 | 1 | 70 | 39 | na | na |
England/W | 68 | 79 | 34 | 17 | na | na | 7 | 1 | 21 | 12 | ref | 40 |
Scotland | 92 | 120 | 24 | ref | na | na | na | na | 27 | 10 | na | na |
Netherlands | 76 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 39 | ref | 0 | 14 | 2 | na | na |
Belgium | 97 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 40 | 4 | ref | 27 | 11 | na | na |
France | ref | 4 | 3 | 0 | na | na | 17 | 7 | 13 | 6 | na | na |
Switzerland | 87 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 17 | na | na | 19 | 10 | 0* | 18* |
Austria | 3 | 5 | 10 | 0 | na | na | 16 | 13 | na | na | 17 | 54 |
Barcelona | 18 | −2 | 9 | 3 | 59 | 32 | 32 | 4 | na | na | na | na |
Basque C. | 11 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 52 | 23 | 31 | 3 | na | na | 5 | 45 |
Madrid | 14 | −4 | 10 | 3 | 62 | 33 | 36 | 4 | na | na | 1* | 25 * |
Turin | 11 | ref | 0 | 0 | 40 | 18 | 19 | 0 | na | na | 34 * | 21 * |
Tuscany | 12 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 26 | 18 | 2 | na | na | na | na | |
Hungary | na | na | 35 | 7 | na | na | 138 | 21 | 25 | 13 | 293 | 130 |
Czech R | 114 | 31 | 35 | 16 | 140 | 105 | na | na | ref | ref | na | na |
Poland | 226 | 39 | 29 | 14 | na | na | 153 | 48 | 14 | 8 | na | na |
Lithuania | 193 | 1 | −14 | −6 | 121 | 112 | na | na | na | na | na | na |
Estonia | 256 | 42 | −8 | 37 | 159 | 124 | na | na | na | na | na | na |
All # | 76 | 32 | 2 | 0 | 52 | 33 | 17 | 3 | 20 | 10 | 14 | 50 |
Notes: na: data not available.
Median value of all populations included in the analysis.
*Economically inactive include unemployed (England/Wales and Finland is reference country for men and women respectively). Sweden is reference of countries with unemployed included in the active, both among men and women.
M = men, W = women.
Normal font style: reduction of mortality rate difference between low and high educated by 0–19 deaths per 100,000.
Bold font style: reduction of mortality rate difference between low and high educated by 20–79 deaths per 100,000.
Bold italic font style: reduction of mortality rate difference between low and high educated by at least 80 deaths per 100,000.