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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hepatol Res. 2014 Jun 4;45(3):305–314. doi: 10.1111/hepr.12352

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Inhibition of ASM activity reduces hepatic stellate cell activity in vivo. (A) RT-PCR analysis of whole liver tissue after two weeks of treatment with CCl4 demonstrated that treatment with amitriptyline (TCA) decreased levels of transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-β1), tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease one (TIMP-1), collagen and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA compared to CCl4 alone. n=6–8 per group. Data are expressed as mean and SEM. *p<0.05 compared to all other groups. (B) Hepatic stellate cell staining of α-SMA. Immunohistochemical staining of liver tissues for α-SMA reveals decreased activated HSC burden at each time point in animals treated with CCl4 and TCA relative to both vehicle and CCl4 treatment alone (magnification x 50). Data are representative of 4 separate histological analyses per group/time point. Original magnification was 50X.