Table 1.
a: Clinical Characteristics of the Participants in Development Datasets
| Variable | Overall | Race-Ethnicity |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White and other | Black | Asian | Native American and Hispanic | p-values | ||
| N | 8254 | 5216 | 2585 | 100 | 353 | |
| Age, mean (SD) years | 47 (15) | 44 (15) | 53 (12) | 49 (15) | 43 (12) | <0.001 |
| Age categories N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| < 40 years | 3076 (37) | 2464 (47) | 422 (16) | 36 (36) | 154 (44) | |
| 40-65 years | 4154 (50) | 2149 (41) | 1766 (68) | 50 (50) | 189 (54) | |
| > 65 years | 1024 (12) | 603 (11) | 397 (16) | 14 (11) | 10 (3) | |
| SexN (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Female | 3606 (44) | 2353 (45) | 1019 (39) | 41 (41) | 193 (55) | |
| Male | 4648(56) | 2863 (55) | 1566 (61) | 59 (59) | 160 (45) | |
| Diabetes N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 2406 (29) | 1885 (36) | 280(11) | 33 (33) | 208(59) | |
| No | 5848 (71) | 3331 (64) | 2305 (89) | 67 (67) | 145 (41) | |
| Transplant N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 360 (4) | 330 (6) | 24 (1) | 5 (5) | 1 (0.3) | |
| No | 7894(96) | 4886 (94) | 2561(99) | 95 (95) | 352 (99.7) | |
| GFR mean (SD), ml/min/1.73 m2 | 68 (40) | 73 (43) | 55 (27) | 57 (31) | 90 (45) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dL | 1.66 (1.16) | 1.58 (1.19) | 1.87 (1.09) | 1.73 (0.91) | 1.23 (1.02) | <0.001 |
| Body surface area, mean (SD), m2 | 1.9 (0.24) | 1.90 (0.23) | 2.00 (0.25) | 1.77 (0.21) | 1.91 (0.25) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28 (6) | 27 (5) | 31 (7) | 26 (5) | 31 (9) | <0.001 |
| BMI categories N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| <20 kg/m2 | 287 (3) | 218(4) | 60 (2) | 4 (4) | 5 (1.4) | |
| 20-25 kg/m2 | 2447 (30) | 1896 (36) | 446 (17) | 40 (40) | 65 (18.4) | |
| 26-30 kg/m2 | 2922 (35) | 1930 (37) | 857(33) | 37 (37) | 98 (27.8) | |
| > 30 kg/m2 | 2598 (31) | 1172 (23) | 1222 (47) | 19 (19) | 185 (52.4) | |
| Table 1b. Clinical Characteristics of the Participants in Validation Datasets) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | CKD-EPI (US and Europe) |
Non-US and Europe |
||||||
| White and other | Black | Asian | Native American and Hispanic | Asian | Asian | Black | p-values | |
| N | 3378 | 384 | 67 | 185 | 248 | 675 | 99 | |
| Age, mean (SD) years | 49 (15) | 50 (15) | 51 (15) | 45 (12) | 50 (18) | 50 (15) | 47 (17) | 0.001 |
| Age categories, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| < 40 years | 978 (29) | 112 (29) | 19 (28) | 68 (37) | 95 (38) | 207 (31) | 42 (42.5) | |
| 40-65 years | 1898 (56) | 224 (58) | 35 (52) | 107 (58) | 92 (37) | 333(49) | 42 (42.5) | |
| > 65 years | 502 (15) | 48 (13) | 13 (19) | 10 (5) | 61 (25) | 135 (20) | 15 (15) | |
| Sex, N (%) | 0.001 | |||||||
| Female | 1513 (45) | 184 (48) | 32 (48) | 130 (70) | 112 (45) | 328 (49) | 49 (49) | |
| Male | 1865 (55) | 200 (52) | 35 (52) | 55 (30) | 136 (55) | 347 (51) | 50 (50) | |
| Diabetes, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| Yes | 975 (29) | 95 (25) | 14 (21) | 119 (64) | 35(14) | 21(3) | 6 (6) | |
| No | 2403 (71) | 289 (75) | 53 (79) | 66 (67) | 213 (86) | 654 (97) | 93 (94) | |
| Transplant, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| Yes | 1072 (32) | 52 (14) | 7 (10) | 3 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| No | 2306 (68) | 332 (86) | 60 (90) | 182 (98) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| GFR, mean (SD), ml/min/1.73 m2 | 69 (36) | 62 (34) | 53 (31) | 105 (47) | 53 (31) | 55 (35) | 61 (32) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dL | 1.48 (0.94) | 1.80 (0.29) | 1.99 (1.41) | 0.9 (0.7) | 1.24 (0.56) | 2.25 (2.18) | 1.77 (1.71) | <0.001 |
| Body surface area, mean (SD), m2 | 1.90 (0.23) | 1.95 (0.23) | 1.70 (0.20) | 1.98 (0.29) | 1.62 (0.18) | 1.71 (0.18) | 1.77 (0.17) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 27 (5) | 30 (7) | 24 (4) | 34 (8) | 23 (4) | 24 (4) | 26 (5) | <0.001 |
| BMI categories, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| <20 kg/m2 | 225 (7) | 17 (4) | 5 (7) | 2 (1) | 55 (22) | 107 (16) | 15 (15) | |
| 20-25 kg/m2 | 1223 (36) | 84 (22) | 34 (51) | 22 (12) | 137 (55) | 354 (52) | 44 (44) | |
| 25-30 kg/m2 | 1178 (35) | 115 (30) | 24 (36) | 49 (26) | 45(18) | 181 (27) | 20 (20) | |
| > 30 kg/m2 | 752 (22) | 168 (44) | 4 (6) | 112 (61) | 11 (4) | 33 (5) | 20 (20) | |
GFR = glomerular filtration rate. To convert GFR from mL/min per 1.73 m2 to mL/s per 1.73 m2, multiply by 0.0167.
GFR = glomerular filtration rate. To convert GFR from mL/min per 1.73 m2 to mL/s per m2, multiply by 0.0167.