Table 5.
Performance in Non US and Europe External Validation Dataset by Country and Race-Ethnicity
| Measures | Equation | China (Asian) | Japan (Asian) | South Africa (Black) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 675 | 248 | 99 | |
| Bias, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 2-level | 2.7 (1.9,3.7) | −17.8 (−20.1,−14.7) | −12.4 (−18.3,−7.6) |
| 4-level | 1.3 (0.6,2.2) | −21.4 (−23.3,−18.2) | −12.5 (−18.3,−7.6) | |
| IQR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 2-level | 16.7 (15.0,18.5) | 21.0 (18.5,23.9) | 28.0 (20.8,33.3) |
| 4-level | 15.5 (14.4,17.4) | 23.5 (20.4,26.0) | 28.0 (20.8,33.4) | |
| P30, % | 2-level | 73.2 (69.9,76.6) | 29.4 (23.8,35.1) | 55.6 (46.5,64.6) |
| 4-level | 72.1 (68.7,75.7) | 36.3 (30.6,42.3) | 55.6 (46.5,64.6) | |
| RMSE | 2-level | 0.325 (0.302,0.348) | 0.469 (0.424,0.515) | 0.326 (0.292,0.361) |
| 4-level | 0.318 (0.295,0.343) | 0.507 (0.463,0.553) | 0.327 (0.292,0.362) | |
Bias is calculated as measured GFR - estimated GFR; Interquartile range (IQR) refers to the 25–75th percentile; P30 refers to the percentage of GFR estimates that are within 30% of measured GFR; RSME is the root mean square error. Numbers in brackets are 95% confidence intervals. To convert GFR from mL/min/1.73 m2 to mL/s/1.73 m2, multiply by 0.0167.