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Urinary excretion of oxalate, osteopontin (OPN), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) by rats with hyperoxaluria induced by feeding hydroxyl-L-proline (HLP) (146) with or without apocyanin (HLP/Apo). There were significant reductions in the production of OPN, KIM-1, and MCP-1 by treatment with apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase as well as an antioxidant.
