Table 1.

Effect of sunitinib, sorafenib, and rMVA-CEA-TRICOM vaccine on the phenotype of tumor-infiltrating MDSCs and TAMs in the MC38-CEA tumor model.

		Control % (± SEM)	Sun % (± SEM)	Sor % (± SEM)	Vac % (± SEM)	Sun+vac % (± SEM)	Sor+vac % (± SEM)
MDSCs	Total MDSCsa	6.3 (1.1)	20.3 (2.5)**	21.2 (1.1)**	8.4 (1.5)	22.7 (3.0)**	22.1 (4.9)**
	FAS-Lb	18.8 (3.2)	35.2 (5.5)*	41.7 (3.3)**	19.9 (3.6)	39.6 (2.3)**	33.5 (3.1)*
	CXCL-9b	33.1 (5.6)	59.3 (9.6)*	65.2 (8.8)*	40.0 (2.2)	59.9 (2.6)*	57.0 (5.2)*
	CD31b	1.5 (0.2)	6.8 (3.1)	12.2 (5.1)	2.3 (0.6)	8.5 (0.7)	8.1 (2.6)
	CD105b	38.3 (4.0)	60.2 (10.6)	65.9 (12.6)	40.3 (2.0)	71.1 (2.4)*	54.6 (3.7)
TAMs	Total TAMsb	65.0 (4.2)	54.7 (5.2)	44.5 (6.6)*	62.5 (1.7)	42.9 (4.4)*	44.1 (1.1)*
	FAS-Ld	18.0 (2.2)	45.7 (8.9)*	55.3 (14.1)*	21.3 (3.7)	58.6 (3.9)*	47.2 (4.1)*
	CXCL-9d	0.5 (0.2)	4.3 (2.7)	14.3 (2.7)***	0.8 (0.3)	5.9 (0.8)	11.0 (2.2)**
	CD31d	2.9 (0.8)	11.1 (2.7)	14.9 (3.8)*	3.5 (0.8)	14.5 (0.7)*	13.1 (3.1)*
	CD105d	33.4 (3.7)	59.6 (14.8)	70.0 (13.4)*	34.9 (3.7)	74.5 (2.0)*	58.0 (5.9)

Flow cytometry analysis of single-cell suspensions of 21-day-old MC38-CEA s.c. tumors from CEA-tg C57BL/6 mice (n = 3/group). Control: no treatment. Sor: sorafenib on day 7. Sun: sunitinib on day 7. Vac: rMVA-CEA-TRICOM vaccine on day 14. Sor+vac: sorafenib on day 7 followed by rMVA-CEA-TRICOM vaccine on day 14. Sun+vac: sunitinib on day 7 followed by rMVA-CEA-TRICOM vaccine on day 14.

^apercentage of MDSCs identified as CD45⁺ intratumoral cells CD11b⁺Gr1⁺.

^bfrequency of MDSCs positive for the activation marker.

^cpercentage of TAMs identified as CD45⁺ intratumoral cells CD11b⁺Gr1^–.

^dfrequency of TAMs positive for the activation marker. SEM: standard error of the mean. Bold values: statistically significant difference compared to control based on one-way ANOVA test vs. control group.

^*P < 0.05;

^**P < 0.01;

^***P < 0.001.