Table 5.

Correlations between RNA expression of CXCL1 and gene expression of TGF-β signaling components

Signaling component	r	95% CI	p-value
TGFB1	0.19	-0.09 to 0.45	0.18
TGFBR2	0.12	-0.16 to 0.39	0.12
SMAD2	0.33	0.06 to 0.57	0.01
SMAD3	0.11	-0.17 to 0.38	0.42

Association between CXCL1 protein expression and expression of TGF-β signaling components was determined using Spearman Correlation analysis of IDC stroma and normal adjacent stroma.

Significance determined by p<0.05. r= correlation coefficient.