Table 1. Status of asbestos bans, asbestos use and related diseases, Europea, 1920–2012.
| Country | Status of asbestos banb | Average per capita asbestos use, kg/capita/yearc |
Age-adjusted mortality rate, per million people (no. of reported years)d |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920–1970 | 1971–2000 | 2001–2012 | Mesotheliomae | Asbestosisf | |||
| Albania | None | – | 0.37 | 0.00 | – | – | |
| Andorra | None | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Armenia | None | – | 0.13 | 0.10 | – | – | |
| Austria | Early | 1.17 | 2.09 | 0.00 | 6.35 (9) | 0.42 (8) | |
| Azerbaijan | None | – | 0.39 | 0.41 | – | – | |
| Belarus | None | – | 0.85 | 1.86 | – | – | |
| Belgium | Early | 3.08 | 3.02 | 0.00 | 9.34 (5) | 1.26 (5) | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | None | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | |
| Bulgaria | Late | 0.14 | 1.31 | 0.02 | 1.21 (6) | 1.41 (6) | |
| Croatia | Late | 0.78 | 3.57 | 0.39 | 7.58 (16) | 0.94 (11) | |
| Cyprus | Late | 6.41 | 2.36 | 0.01 | 7.72 (7) | 0.73 (1) | |
| Czech Republic | Late | 0.82 | 1.85 | 0.06 | 3.12 (17) | 0.42 (12) | |
| Denmark | Early | 2.16 | 1.97 | 0.00 | 8.87 (13) | 1.91 (13) | |
| Estonia | Late | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.26 | 5.78 (14) | 0.44 (1) | |
| Finland | Early | 1.49 | 0.86 | 0.03 | 8.96 (15) | 2.39 (15) | |
| France | Early | 1.08 | 1.44 | 0.00 | 7.74 (10) | 0.79 (10) | |
| Georgia | None | – | 0.00 | 0.01 | 1.49 (8) | 0.82 (2) | |
| Germany | Early | 1.17 | 2.18 | 0.00 | 7.04 (13) | 0.71 (13) | |
| Greece | Late | 0.41 | 1.28 | 0.00 | – | – | |
| Hungary | Late | 0.78 | 2.36 | 0.03 | 3.01 (14) | 0.24 (6) | |
| Iceland | Early | 1.29 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 24.58 (13) | 4.59 (2) | |
| Ireland | Early | – | 1.57 | 0.19 | 5.77 (4) | 0.96 (3) | |
| Israel | Early | 3.19 | 0.56 | 0.01 | 4.72 (12) | 0.43 (6) | |
| Italy | Early | 0.83 | 1.61 | 0.00 | 10.37 (5) | 0.30 (5) | |
| Kazakhstan | None | 6.09 | 18.88 | 8.47 | – | – | |
| Kyrgyzstan | None | – | 3.12 | 2.72 | 2.56 (7) | – | |
| Latvia | Late | 0.26 | 0.66 | 0.08 | 5.68 (15) | – | |
| Lithuania | Late | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 3.53 (13) | – | |
| Luxembourg | Late | 3.48 | 3.13 | 0.08 | 13.59 (12) | 2.45 (2) | |
| Malta | Late | – | – | 0.00 | 21.33 (15) | 6.31 (7) | |
| Monaco | None | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Montenegro | None | 0.35 | 0.95 | 0.02 | 5.31 (6) | 0.81(3) | |
| Netherlands | Early | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.00 | 15.91 (15) | 0.49 (15) | |
| Norway | Early | 0.98 | 0.36 | 0.00 | 7.99 (15) | 2.07 (15) | |
| Poland | Early | 0.39 | 1.72 | 0.00 | 2.19 (12) | 0.16 (12) | |
| Portugal | Late | 0.27 | 1.06 | 0.11 | 1.97 (6) | 0.19 (4) | |
| Republic of Moldova | None | – | 0.84 | 0.06 | 4.20 (15) | – | |
| Romania | Late | 0.62 | 0.76 | 0.24 | 2.19 (12) | 0.12 (5) | |
| Russian Federation | None | 1.53 | 7.86 | 2.26 | – | – | |
| San Marino | None | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Serbia | Late | 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.01 | 2.99 (14) | 0.50 (3) | |
| Slovakia | Late | 1.52 | 3.01 | 0.02 | 2.92 (17) | 1.43 (9) | |
| Slovenia | Early | 1.70 | 6.78 | 0.00 | 9.11 (14) | 2.81 (14) | |
| Spain | Late | 0.51 | 1.35 | 0.03 | 4.13 (12) | 0.21 (12) | |
| Sweden | Early | 1.20 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 7.65 (14) | 0.60 (14) | |
| Switzerland | Early | 1.12 | 1.31 | 0.03 | – | – | |
| Tajikistan | None | – | 0.09 | 0.06 | – | – | |
| The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | None | 0.92 | 3.33 | 0.02 | 2.30 (4) | 0.42 (1) | |
| Turkey | Late | 0.08 | 0.58 | 0.07 | – | – | |
| Turkmenistan | None | – | 0.65 | 0.65 | – | – | |
| Ukraine | None | – | 1.54 | 1.97 | – | – | |
| United Kingdom | Early | 1.92 | 1.03 | 0.00 | 18.36 (11) | 1.16 (11) | |
| Uzbekistan | None | – | 1.45 | 1.75 | 0.46 (2) | 0.03 (1) | |
| All | NA | 1.20 | 3.07 | 0.74 | 7.76 (17) | 1.03 (17) | |
NA: not applicable.
a Countries that belong to the European Region of WHO.
b Early: ban adopted by 2000; Late: ban adopted 2001–2013; None: no ban.
c Values below 0.05 were given the value 0.00.
d Time period 1994–2010.
e International classification of diseases, 10th Revision, C45.
f International classification of diseases, 10th Revision, J61.