Table 3. Biochemical and clinical variables of healthy control (CTR) subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
| Variables | CTR n = 92 |
T2DM n = 193 |
p value ● |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, ys | 65.8 ± 11.6 | 65.9 ± 7.8 | 0.94 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 6.2 | 28.4 ± 3.7 | <0.01 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 218.3 ± 42.4 | 207.2 ± 39.1 | 0.02 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 59.5 ± 13.3 | 53.5 ± 16.7 | <0.01 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 102.3 ± 64.1 | 144.6 ± 104.4 | <0.01 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 93.2 ± 8.5 | 168.3 ± 50.8 | <0.01 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.7 ± 0.36 | 7.6 ± 1.2 | <0.01 |
| Insulin, mcU/mL | 5.24 ± 3.03 | 6.41 ± 3.56 | 0.04 |
| WBC, 103/uL | 6.1 ± 1.33 | 6.7 ± 1.51 | <0.01 |
| Platelets 103/uL | 224.8 ± 52.2 | 210.7 ± 62.0 | 0.05 |
| PAI-1, ng/mL | 19.6 ± 10.79 | 20.52 ± 9.8 | N.S. |
| Hs-CRP, mg/L | 2.5 ± 2.7 | 3.6 ± 4.1 | 0.03 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 295 ± 49 | 290 ± 81 | N.S. |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.83 ± 0.29 | 0.94 ± 0.35 | 0.02 |
| ApoAI, mg/dL | 182.4 ± 34.1 | 166.9 ± 36.6 | <0.01 |
| ApoB,mg/dL | 108.6 ± 28.2 | 103.1 ± 27.1 | N.S. |
| MiR-126 (rel. expression a.u.) | 0.34 ± 0.31 | 0.23 ± 0.21 | <0.01 |
| Telomere length (T/S, a.u.) | 0.49 ± 0.20 | 0.43 ± 0.21 | 0.04 |
| Duration of diabetes, yrs | 0 | 17 ± 12 | <0.01 |
| Males, % (n) | 47 (51.2) | 109 (56.5) | N.S. |
| Use of statins, n (%) | 13 (14.1) | 41 ( 21.2) | <0.01 |
| Use of sulfonylurea, n (%) | 0 | 108 (56.0) | <0.01 |
| Use of metformin, n (%) | 0 | 76 (39.4) | <0.01 |
| Use of insulin, n (%) | 0 | 45 (23.3) | <0.01 |
| Use of anti-aggregant, n (%) | 2 (2.5) | 40 ( 21.5) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 34 (37.2) | 124 (64.2) | <0.01 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 9 (10.2) | 51 (26.4) | <0.01 |
| Previous AMI, n (%) | 0 | 34 (17.6) | <0.01 |
Normally distributed variables are expressed as mean (SD) and categorical variables as percentage (n).
∉ Independent sample t –test.
Parameters showing significant differences between CTR and T2DM are in bold.
AMI= Acute Myocardial Infarction; BMI = body mass index; WBC = White blood cells; PAI-1 =Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; ApoAI = Apolipoprotein-AI; ApoB = Apolipoprotein B; a.u. =arbitrary units.