Table 1.

Factors involved in acquisition of a skill (after Neumann, 2001, extended and modified).

Paradigms	Mechanisms	Important variables
Operant conditioning:	Trial and error	Reinforcement, reinforcer, shaping
Learning the outcome of a certain behavior
Classical conditioning:	Target behavior is associated with (elicited by) conditioned stimuli	Transfer
Learning to predict important events
2 Process theory	1. Phase: operant conditioning of adequate behavior. 2. Phase: association of feedback with interoceptive stimuli.	Instruction; strategies Knowledge of results; feedback; practice
Motivation	Intrinsic / extrinsic	individual differences