Table 1. Walking analysis parameters.
Term | Description | Reference | |
1 | Backtracking | Total distance that legs slip backwards divided by total distance travelled. Indicates efficiency of motion. | |
2 | Slipping Angle | Average angle of slipping for a given leg. | |
3 | Stride Period | Average time elapsed during a complete cycle of the stride and stance phases of motion. | [50] |
4 | Period Coefficient of Variation | Standard deviation of stride period divided by average of stride period. Indicates variability in motion timings. | |
5 | Stride Duration | Average time elapsed during the stride phase of motion. | [51]–[53] |
6 | Stance Duration | Average time elapsed during the stance phase of motion. | [51]–[53] |
7 | Interstep Lag | Average time elapsed between initiations of stride in a given pair of legs. | [50] |
8 | Interleg Stride Overlap (%) | Average percentage of time two given legs are simultaneously in stride. | [53] |
9 | Cross Correlation Coefficient | Similarity in the motion-time waveforms of two given legs. Describes regularity of motion in terms of each of 15 leg pairs. | |
10 | Leg-body distances | Average distances between the legs and the center of the body. | |
11 | Leg-leg distances | Average distances between the tips of two given legs. | |
12 | Stance Angle Deviation | Deviation in relative leg positioning from an equilateral triangle during stance. Minimal during normal motion. | |
13 | Anterior Extreme Position (AEP) | Touchdown distances of the fly legs, expressed in a body-centered coordinate system | [54] |
14 | Posterior Extreme Position (PEP) | Takeoff position of the fly legs, expressed in a body-centered coordinate system | [54] |
15 | AEP\PEP Variability | Vector sum of standard deviation of AEP or PEP positions. Indication of variability in foot positioning. | [53] |
16 | Step Amplitude | Average stride leg movement relative to body center, normalized to body length. Independent of speed. | [52] |
17 | Step Distance | Average stride length, in body lengths. Dependent on speed. | [50] |
18 | Step Distance Coefficient of Variation | Standard deviation of stride length divided by average of stride length. Indicates noise in stride lengths. |
The table lists the parameters that are calculated from the frame-by-frame acquisition of coordinates. Reference appears whenever a parameter has been used before.