Table I.
Articles in which the authors considered the prognostic role of troponin in LVEF decline
| Author/year | Drug/drugs | No. (% of troponin +) | Troponin type | Cut-off [mg/l] | Troponin + prediction to LVEF decrease? | Time of measurements | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinale et al./2000 [15] | EC, TEC, ICE, TICE, SEQ | 204 (32) | I | > 0.05 | Yes | Baseline, 0, 12, 24, 36, 72 h after every drug administration | Previous treatment with anthracyclines was significantly more frequent in the cTnI+ group (71% vs. 46%) |
| Cardinale et al./2002 [27] | EC, TEC, ICE, TICE | 211 (33) | I | > 0.05 | Yes | Baseline, 0, 12, 24, 36, 72 h after every drug administration | 23% of patients had previously received anthracyclines in the neoadjuvant setting |
| Auner et al./2003 [31] | Doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, daunorubicin, cytarabine, vinorelbine, vincristine, cyclophosphamide | 78 (15) | T | > 0.03 | Yes | During the first 48 h and at least one measurement every 48 h | LVEF assessment with Teichholz method |
| Sandri et al./2003 [28] | EC, TEC, ICE, TICE, SEQ | 179 (32) | I | > 0.08 | Yes | Baseline, 0, 12, 24, 36, 72 h after every drug administration | Previous treatment with anthracyclines was significantly more frequent in the cTnI + group (72% vs. 45%) |
| Cardinale et al./2004 [29] | EC, TEC, ICE, TICE, BEAM, ESAP, MITOX + MEL, MEL, IDA + MEL, SEQ, CTX | 703 (30) | I | > 0.08 | Yes | Baseline, 0, 12, 24, 36, 72 h after every drug administration | In the TnI+ group significant frequency of patients with breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma |
| Kilickap et al./2005 [33] | Doxorubicin, idarubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin | 41 (34) | T | > 0.01 | No | Baseline, on the 3rd to 5th days following the first dose, after the last course | Patients with prior use of anthracyclines were excluded. Troponin T exceeded the upper limit of the normal range (> 0.1 mg/l) in only a single case. Prediction to diastolic function deterioration |
| Dodos et al./2008 [37] | Anthracyclines | 100 (3) | T | > 0.01 | No | Baseline, on the 3rd to 5th day following the first dose, 24-72 h, 1, 6, 12 months after the last course | Also NT-proBNP were tested – did not show significant change after anthracycline administration |
| Cardinale et al./2010 [17] | Trastuzumab, paclitaxel, | 251 (14) | I | > 0.08 | Yes | Baseline, 0, 12, 24, 36, 72 h | In 19.4% of patients TnI+ was at baseline. |
| vinorelbine, capecitabine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate | after every drug administration | Patients who developed trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity had more frequent prior exposure to HDC | |||||
| Feola et al./2011 [30] | Anthracyclines | 53 (NN) | I | > 0.03 | No | Baseline, 1 month, 1 year, 2 years after chemotherapy | This study failed to confirm the hypothesis that a late (1 month) elevation of TnI might predict the cardiac outcome |
| Author/year | Drug/drugs | No. (% of Troponin +) | Troponin type | Cut-off [mg/l] | Troponin + prediction to LVEF decrease? | Time of measurements | Comment |
| Morris et al./2011 [38] | Anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, lapatinib, trastuzumab | 52 (67) | I | < 0.06 or < 0.04* | No | Baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and months 6, 9, 18 | Authors drew their samples prior to chemotherapy administration (potentially at nadir time points) |
| McArthur et al./2011 [39] | Anthracyclines, nab-paclitaxel, bevacizumab, cyclophosphamide | 80 (79) | I | < 0.06; 0.06-0.31; > 0.31** | No | Baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and months 6, 9, 18 | Authors drew their samples prior to chemotherapy administration (potentially at nadir time points) |
| Goel et al./2011 [40] | Trastuzumab | 36 (0) | I | < 0.2 | No | Baseline, 24 h after drug infusion | High cut-off diminished the chance to find patients TnI-positive. 81% had prior anthracycline administration |
< 0.06 – in the 1st is Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and < 0.04 in Dana-Faber/Harvard Cancer Center
“undetectable” – < 0.06 or < 0.05; “minimally detectable” – 0.06-0.31 or 0.05-0.16; “elevated” – > 0.31 or > 0.16 (differences in cut-offs depend on hospital – the 1st is Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the 2nd University of California San Francisco); NN – not noted; 0 – in “Time of measurement” means that the test was done just after drug infusion, HDC – high-dose chemotherapy, EC – epirubicin-cyclophosphamide, TEC – taxotere-epirubicin-cyclophosphamide, ICE – ifosfamide-carboplatin-etoposide, TICE – taxotere-ifosfamide-carboplatin-etoposide, BEAM – BCUU (carmustine)-etoposide-ARA.C (cytarabine)-melphalan, ESAP – etoposide-solumedrol-ARA.C(cytarabine)-platinum, MITOX – mitoxantrone, MEL – melphalan, IDA – idarubicin, SEQ – sequential, CTX – cyclophosphamide