TABLE 5.

Description of Suggested Special Tests for Intra‐Articular Pathology.

Special Test	Performance	Positive Result	Interpretation
Ligamentum Teres Tear Test	Clinician passively flexes hip fully, then extends 30°, leaving the hip at about 70° flexion (knee is flexed 90°). The hip is then abducted fully and then adducted 30°, typically leaving it at about 30° abduction. The leg is then passively internally and externally rotated to available end‐range.	Reproduction of concordant pain with either internal or external rotation.	SN 90%, ‐LR 0.11; SP 85%, +LR 6.594 Both a (‐) and (+) test alters post‐test probability of a ligamentum teres tear not existing/existing to a moderate degree in one high quality study.
Thomas Test	The athlete sits at the edge of the plinth. The athlete is then instructed to lie back, pulling both knees to his or her chest. One knee (the asymptomatic side) is held to the chest and the other is slowly lowered into extension of the hip by the clinician. The knee is allowed to extend. Internal and external rotation of the leg has also been suggested.	Reproduction of athlete's concordant pain with/without a click.	SN 89%, −LR 0.12, SP 92%, +LR 11.123 A (‐) test alters post‐test probability of ALT not existing to a moderate degree, while a (+) test alters post‐test probability of ALT existing to an almost conclusive degree with one high quality study.