Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics, and patterns of care among Indigenous and non-indigenous cancer patients, Queensland, Australia 1998–2004
| Indigenous (n = 956) N (%) | Non-Indigenous (n = 869) N (%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age |
|
|
|
| 18- 39 years |
108 (11) |
91 (11) |
0.852 |
| 40 – 59 years |
421 (44) |
387 (45) |
|
| 60 + years |
427 (45) |
391 (45) |
|
|
Sex |
|
|
|
| male |
436 (46) |
393 (45) |
0.870 |
| female |
520 (54) |
476 (55) |
|
|
Area of remoteness index |
|
|
|
| Highly accessible/Accessible |
329 (34) |
369 (43) |
<0.001 |
| Moderately accessible |
370 (39) |
325 (37) |
|
| Remote/Highly remote |
257 (27) |
175 (20) |
|
|
Socioeconomic status (SEIFA) |
|
|
|
| 1 Most disadvantaged |
354 (37) |
215 (25) |
<0.001 |
| 2 Disadvantaged |
238 (25) |
261 (30) |
|
| 3 Intermediate advantage |
213 (22) |
219 (25) |
|
| 4 Advantaged |
111 (12) |
136 (16) |
|
| 5 Most advantaged |
39 (4) |
36 (4) |
|
|
Cancer stage at diagnosis* |
|
|
|
| Localised cancer |
316 (38) |
336 (45) |
0.030 |
| Regional Spread |
240 (29) |
197 (26) |
|
| Distant metastasis |
275 (33) |
221 (29) |
|
| Unknown or not applicable |
125 |
115 |
|
|
Comorbidity score** |
|
|
|
| 0 |
481 (50) |
601 (69) |
<0.001 |
| 1 |
256 (27) |
143 (16) |
|
| 2+ |
219 (23) |
125 (14) |
|
|
Diabetes |
|
|
|
| No |
669 (70) |
785 (90) |
<0.001 |
| Yes |
287 (30) |
84 (10) |
|
|
HbA1C levels recorded |
(N = 113) |
(N = 18) |
|
| Equal to or less than 6.5% |
36 (32) |
7 (39) |
0.485 |
| Greater than 6.5% |
77 (68) |
11 (61) |
|
|
Any cancer treatment |
|
|
|
| Given treatment |
716 (75) |
745 (86) |
<0.001 |
| No treatment or treatment unknown |
240 (25) |
124 (14) |
|
|
Curative cancer treatment
£
|
N = 556 |
N = 533 |
|
| Given treatment |
400(72) |
417 (78) |
0.030 |
| No treatment or treatment unknown |
153 (28) |
116 (22) |
|
|
Surgery |
|
|
|
| Surgery |
494 (52) |
549 (64) |
<0.001 |
| No surgery or treatment unknown |
462 (48) |
320 (36) |
|
|
Chemotherapy |
|
|
|
| Chemotherapy |
269 (28) |
321 (37) |
<0.001 |
| No chemotherapy or treatment unknown |
687 (72) |
548 (63) |
|
|
Chemotherapy completed^ |
N = 160 |
N = 190 |
|
| Completed |
122 (76) |
152 (80) |
0.530 |
| Not completed or treatment unknown |
38 (24) |
38 (20) |
|
|
Radiotherapy |
|
|
|
| Radiotherapy |
325 (34) |
359 (41) |
0.001 |
| No Radiotherapy or not sure |
631 (66) |
510 (59) |
|
|
Age |
|
|
|
| 18- 39 years |
108 (11) |
91 (11) |
0.852 |
| 40 – 59 years |
421 (44) |
387 (45) |
|
| 60 + years |
427 (45) |
391 (45) |
|
|
Sex |
|
|
|
| male |
436 (46) |
393 (45) |
0.870 |
| female |
520 (54) |
476 (55) |
|
|
Area of remoteness index |
|
|
|
| Highly accessible/Accessible |
329 (34) |
369 (43) |
<0.001 |
| Moderately accessible |
370 (39) |
325 (37) |
|
| Remote/Highly remote |
257 (27) |
175 (20) |
|
|
Socioeconomic status (SEIFA) |
|
|
|
| 1 Most disadvantaged |
354 (37) |
215 (25) |
<0.001 |
| 2 Disadvantaged |
238 (25) |
261 (30) |
|
| 3 Intermediate advantage |
213 (22) |
219 (25) |
|
| 4 Advantaged |
111 (12) |
136 (16) |
|
| 5 Most advantaged |
39 (4) |
36 (4) |
|
|
Cancer site and IDC code
#
|
|
|
|
| Bronchus and lung (C33- C34) |
187 (20) |
173 (20) |
0.9 |
| Breast (C56) |
111 (12) |
107 (12) |
|
| Colorectal and small intestine (C17-20) |
87 (9) |
89 (10) |
|
| Head and neck (C00- C14) |
83 (9) |
84 (10) |
|
| Lymphoma and leukaemia (C42 & C77/ M 01- M10) |
61 (6) |
55 (6) |
|
| Cervix (C53) |
56 (6) |
49 (6) |
|
| Liver (C22) |
48 (5) |
30 (4) |
|
| Other cancers |
41 (4) |
32 (4) |
|
| Renal tract (C64- C67) |
40 (4) |
46 (5) |
|
| Corpus uteri (C54) |
38 (4) |
36 (4) |
|
| Oesophagus (C15) |
31 (3) |
21 (2) |
|
| Other cancers |
47 (5) |
35 (4) |
|
| Ovary (C56) |
29 (3) |
29 (3) |
|
| Unknown primary (C80) |
29 (3) |
17 (2) |
|
| Stomach (16) |
27 (3) |
23 (3) |
|
| Prostate (C61) |
25 (3) |
17 (2) |
|
| Pancreas (C25) |
22 (2) |
25 (3) |
|
| Thyroid (C73) |
21 (2) |
14 (2) |
|
| Central Nervous System (C71) |
13 (1) |
12 (1) |
|
| Melanoma (C44 or M12)) |
7 (1) |
10 (1) |
|
|
Cancer stage at diagnosis* |
|
|
|
| Localised cancer |
316 (38) |
336 (45) |
0.030 |
| Regional Spread |
240 (29) |
197 (26) |
|
| Distant metastasis |
275 (33) |
221 (29) |
|
| Unknown or not applicable |
125 |
115 |
|
|
Comorbidity score** |
|
|
|
| 0 |
481 (50) |
601 (69) |
<0.001 |
| 1 |
256 (27) |
143 (16) |
|
| 2+ |
219 (23) |
125 (14) |
|
|
Diabetes |
|
|
|
| No |
669 (70) |
785 (90) |
<0.001 |
| Yes |
287 (30) |
84 (10) |
|
|
HbA1C levels recorded |
(N = 113) |
(N = 18) |
|
| Equal to or less than 6.5% |
36 (32) |
7 (39) |
0.485 |
| Greater than 6.5% |
77 (68) |
11 (61) |
|
|
Any cancer treatment |
|
|
|
| Given treatment |
716 (75) |
745 (86) |
<0.001 |
| No treatment or treatment unknown |
240 (25) |
124 (14) |
|
|
Curative cancer treatment
£
|
N = 556 |
N = 533 |
|
| Given treatment |
400 (72) |
417 (78) |
0.030 |
| No treatment or treatment unknown |
153 (28) |
116 (22) |
|
|
Surgery |
|
|
|
| Surgery |
494 (52) |
549 (64) |
<0.001 |
| No surgery or treatment unknown |
462 (48) |
320 (36) |
|
|
Chemotherapy |
|
|
|
| Chemotherapy |
269 (28) |
321 (37) |
<0.001 |
| No chemotherapy or treatment unknown |
687 (72) |
548 (63) |
|
|
Chemotherapy completed^ |
N = 160 |
N = 190 |
|
| Completed |
122 (76) |
152 (80) |
0.530 |
| Not completed or treatment unknown |
38 (24) |
38 (20) |
|
|
Radiotherapy |
|
|
|
| Radiotherapy |
325 (34) |
359 (41) |
0.001 |
| No Radiotherapy or treatment unknown | 631 (66) | 510 (59) |
#International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10-AM) code.
*Cases with missing data not included in analysis but numbers presented for completeness.
**Charlson Comorbidity Index: scores 2–5 and 5+ were grouped.
£Includes cases with localised and regional stage disease only.
^Includes only cases with non-metastatic disease who received chemotherapy.