Figure 1.

Behavioral responses of gregarious and isolated locusts. (A) Experimental setup showing the release chamber and the walking tracks of nine isolated locusts. (B) Behavioral choices of age-matched gregarious (control) (G) and isolated (I) locusts. Locust avoiding the stimulus group and remaining within the release chamber were summed and together used as a measure of overall avoidance. Black bars indicate attraction, white bars indicate avoidance. Probability values were based on Chi-squared statistical tests. (C) Graph showing the percentage of animals remaining within the release chamber for isolated and age-matched crowded animals. (D) The mean time (±s.e.m.) a locust spent in the release chamber was significantly greater in isolated locusts, excluding those that did not emerge within the 10 min duration of the analysis. The mean (E) and maximum (F) walking velocities of gregarious locusts were significantly greater than isolated locusts. (G) The time for locusts to cross the test arena to the end lines was significantly longer in isolated locusts.