Figure 3.

Van pretreatment attenuates Dox-induced activation of cell survival pathways in epithelioid HMESO cells at 24 hours. Activation of ERK1, ERK2, ERK5, CREB, and AKT were assessed by Western blot analysis after treatment with 5 μM Van, 25 μM Dox, and the combination for 24 hours. (A–E) Combination treatment significantly reduced these survival signals relative to Dox induction levels. (F) Dox (25 μM) alone and in combination with 5 μM Van decreased activation of EGFR. *P ≤ 0.05 as compared with control (0), ^†P ≤ 0.05 as compared to Dox alone (n = 2 per group/experiment in duplicate).