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. 2014 Nov 3;9:5079–5091. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S70340

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© 2014 Karn et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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XRD patterns of (A) CsA, (B) physical mixture (lipid+CsA+cholesterol), (C) lactose, (D) SCF and film-method-based proliposomes prepared using Lipoid EPCS (phosphatidylcholine from egg lecithin), and (E) SCF and film-method-based proliposomes prepared using HSPC, DSPC, and DSPG. The characteristic peaks of CsA were found at 6.78° (a), 9.12° (b), 15.06° (c) and 16.80° (d).

Abbreviations: SCF-DSPG and Film-DSPG, proliposomes containing HSPC, DSPC, DSPG prepared using supercritical fluid of carbon dioxide and conventional film methods; XRD, X-ray diffraction; CsA, cyclosporin A; SCF, supercritical fluid; HSPC, hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine; DSPC, distearoylphosphatidylcholine; DSPG, distearoylphosphatidylglycerol.