Figure 4.

Corrections to the substitution rate in the limit that driver mutations are common. Symbols denote the results of forward-time simulations for various combinations of U_d and s_d, with the remaining parameters fixed at N = 10⁷, U_b = 10⁻⁵, s_b = 10⁻². The quantities Δr_b and Δr_d are calculated from Equation 17, with v₀ measured from simulations and x_c estimated from Equation 16. For comparison, the solid red lines show the first-order predictions from Equations 18 and 21, using the same estimated values of v₀ and x_c.