Table 2.
Raw means at T0, T1 and T2 and regression coefficients based on intention to treat analyses with mixed models (n = 209)
| Outcome | Group | T0 (Baseline) | T1 (three months or immediately after intervention) | Difference in improvement T0 to T1 between SSTP and CAU | T2 (six months after intervention) | Difference in improvement T0 to T2 between SSTP and CAU | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) a | Mean (SD) a | B (95% CI) b | P -value b | Mean (SD) a | B (95% CI) b | P -value b | ||
| SDQ_pc | SSTP | 19.23 (4.38) | 17.28 (5.64) | -0.05 (-1.23; 1.12) | 0.927 | 17.31 (5.62) | 0.06 (-1.12; 1.24) | 0.916 |
| SSTP-c | 18.98 (4.36) | 16.98 (5.88) | -0.29 (-1.70; 1.12) | 0.689 | 16.60 (5.57) | -0.27 (-1.68; 1.14) | 0.706 | |
| SSTP-nc | 19.51 (4.43) | 17.64 (5.40) | 0.19 (-1.25; 1.63) | 0.794 | 18.18 (5.62) | 0.44 (-1.02; 1.89) | 0.557 | |
| CAU | 19.85 (4.00) | 17.93 (5.34) | 18.01 (5.12) | |||||
| SDQ_tc | SSTP | 14.52 (6.70) | 13.96 (6.50) | -2.25 (-3.79; -0.71) | 0.004 | 13.09 (5.12) | -1.10 (-2.65; 0.46) | 0.165 |
| SSTP-c | 14.96 (7.05) | 14.46 (6.98) | -2.16 (-4.04; -0.28) | 0.025 | 13.61 (4.67) | -1.39 (-3.28; 0.50) | 0.149 | |
| SSTP-nc | 14.05 (6.34) | 13.43 (6.01) | -2.34 (-4.22; -0.47) | 0.014 | 12.46 (5.63) | -0.80 (-2.71; 1.11) | 0.410 | |
| CAU | 13.59 (6.66) | 14.60 (6.46) | 13.33 (7.19) | |||||
| ECBIc | SSTP | 126.36 (27.60) | 113.85 (28.03) | -4.71 (-10.05; 0.63) | 0.084 | 114.37 (27.94) | -3.83 (-9.20; 1.55) | 0.163 |
| SSTP-c | 131.90 (27.49) | 116.62 (27.76) | -8.83 (-15.22; -2.44) | 0.007 | 116.84 (26.84) | -6.15 (-12.55; 0.24) | 0.059 | |
| SSTP-nc | 120.02 (26.59) | 110.54 (30.48) | -0.37 (-6.86; 6.13) | 0.912 | 111.36 (29.25) | -1.38 (-7.98; 5.21) | 0.680 | |
| CAU | 127.63 (27.35) | 120.51 (24.55) | 118.07 (2.77) | |||||
| PSI-sd | SSTP | 74.68 (25.71) | 66.67 (24.65) | -7.06 (-12.11; -2.01) | 0.006 | 66.57 (26.37) | -3.19 (-8.28; 1.89) | 0.217 |
| SSTP-c | 79.34 (25.01) | 68.35 (22.35) | -10.42 (-16.46; -4.37) | 0.001 | 69.47 (26.65) | -4.62 (-10.67; 1.43) | 0.134 | |
| SSTP-nc | 69.25 (25.70) | 64.62 (27.31) | -3.45 (-9.63; 2.74) | 0.274 | 63.02 (25.88) | -1.69 (-7.96; 4.58) | 0.596 | |
| CAU | 73.14 (24.02) | 72.46 (22.93) | 68.14 (23.31) | |||||
| APQd | SSTP | 99.54 (7.95) | 99.10 (9.17) | -1.27 (-3.52; 0.98) | 0.267 | 101.21 (10.87) | 1.23 (-1.03; 3.49) | 0.286 |
| SSTP-c | 99.89 (7.05) | 98.65 (7.52) | -1.68 (-4.37; 1.02) | 0.223 | 101.59 (11.55) | 1.30 (-1.40; 4.00) | 0.346 | |
| SSTP-nc | 99.14 (8.12) | 99.63 (10.87) | -0.84 (-3.59; 1.90) | 0.546 | 100.78 (10.17) | 1.13 (-1.65; 3.91) | 0.423 | |
| CAU | 98.58 (8.33) | 99.20 (9.21) | 98.26 (9.75) | |||||
aRaw mean scores on the different outcome measurements; bB for SSTP compared to CAU, based on mixed model techniques, expressing differences in change between SSTP and CAU in outcomes – analyses were adjusted for gender and age; cprimary outcome; dsecondary outcome. APQ, Alabama Parenting Questionnaire; B, Regression Coefficients; CAU, Care as Usual; CI, confidence interval; ECBI, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, PSI-s, Parenting Stress Index short version; SD, standard deviation; SDQ_p, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire parent version; SDQ_t, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire teacher version; SSTP, Stepping Stones Triple P; SSTP-c, Stepping Stones Triple P completed; SSTP-nc, Stepping Stones Triple P not completed.