Table 1.

Cases of ADOIs occurring in patients with CD4 counts >500/µL according the SHCS database (Total) and the most likely explanation for these OIs according to an in-depth chart review. Chronic HIV infection is the most likely explanation in only a minority of cases

Opportunistic Infection	Total	Chronic HIV with CD4 >500	Unmasking IRIS	CD4 <500	Primary HIV	Other immuno-deficiency	Wrong diagnosis
Candida esophagitis	30	2	0	6	5	15	2
Pneumocystis	9	1	0	6	0	1	1
chronic ulcerative HSV	4	0	0	0	0	1	3
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)	2	1	1	0	0	0	0
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)	2	1	0	0	0	0	0
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)	2	1	0	0	0	0	1
Cryptosporidiosis	1	1	0	0	0	0	0
Total	50	7	1	0	5	17	7