Table 2.
Impact of Xpert-guided Decisions on Individual and Total Annual Outcomes
| Median (IQR) Individual Impact |
Total Annual Impact (95% CI) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcomes | Standard Criteria | Xpert | Difference | Standard Criteria | Xpert | Difference |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Mtb culture-positive | ||||||
| Days of prediagnosis treatment | 13 (10 to 15) | 12 (9 to 15) | 1 (1 to 3) | 187 (86 to 288) | 174 (68 to 280) | 13 (−16 to 42) |
| Days of undertreatment | 24 (—) | 5 (—) | 19 (—) | 24 (—) | 5 (—) | 19 (—) |
| Mtb culture-negative | ||||||
| Days of overtreatment | 46 (45 to 49) | 1 (1 to 3) | 44 (43 to 47) | 2,280 (2,081 to 2,479) | 111 (0 to 56) | 2,169 (1,938 to 2,400) |
| Contact investigation* | ||||||
| Index case Mtb culture-positive | ||||||
| Number of TB contacts investigated | 2 (1 to 4) | 1 (1 to 3) | — | 30 (14 to 46) | 23 (11 to 34) | — |
| Number of TB contacts not investigated | 12 (—) | 5 (—) | — | 12 (—) | 5 (—) | — |
| Index case Mtb culture-negative | ||||||
| Number of non-TB contacts investigated | 1 (1 to 1) | 1 (1 to 7) | — | 99 (79 to 119) | 9 (0 to 35) | — |
| Subsidized housing | ||||||
| Mtb culture-positive | ||||||
| Nights of early housing | 6 (—) | 6 (—) | 0 (—) | 6 (—) | 6 (—) | 0 (—) |
| Nights of housing missed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mtb culture-negative | ||||||
| Nights of unnecessary housing | 47 (46 to 49) | 1 (1 to 4) | 46 (38 to 47) | 495 (387 to 603) | 30 (6 to 54) | 465 (348 to 582) |
Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; Mtb = Mycobacterium tuberculosis; TB = tuberculosis; Xpert = GeneXpert MTB/RIF.
*
Differences not calculated because of multiple imputation of missing values.