Table 1.

LC Components by Studya^a

AIb	AI	AI	AI	LCC	LCC	LCC	LCC	LCC	LCC	LCC	LCC	QI	QI	QI	OP	OP	OP
Articlec	Target for Improvement	Model	Study Sample	Length	PW: EP	PW: ODC	In-Person Learning Sessions	PDSAs	MD QITs	QIT Phone Calls	Email or Web Support	New QI Data	QI Data Review	External Support with Data Review	Involved Leaders	External Training for Non- QIT Staff	QIT Training for Non- QIT Staff
Cavaleri et al., 2006 (15)d	Mental health service use & evidence-based engagement strategies	BTS	12 mental health agencies	9 months	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	No	Un- clear	Un- clear	No	Yes	Unclear	No
Cavaleri et al., 2007 (27)d	Mental health service use & evidence-based engagement strategies	BTS	9 mental health agencies: 9 of 12 mental health agencies from Cavaleri et al., 2006	9 months	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	No	Un- clear	Un- clear	No	Yes	Unclear	No
Cavaleri et al., 2010 (16)	Mental health service use & evidence-based engagement strategies	BTS	5 mental health agencies: 4 experimental, 1 did not implement any engagement strategies	9 months	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	No	Un- clear	Un- clear	No	Yes	No	Yes
Duffy et al., 2008 (32)	Use of a Depression assessment in psychiatric practices	BTS, CCM	19 psychiatric practices (2 practices dropped out without completing data collection)	12 months	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Unclear	No	Yes
Ebert et al., 2011 (7)	Use of Trauma- Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) in community practice settings	BTS	11 mental health agencies (2 agencies did not complete)	18 months	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Epstein et al., 2008 (28)e	Adherence to guidelines for evidence-based assessment and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	CCM	19 practices 65 pediatricians 19 family physicians	Unclear	Un- clear	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Epstein et al., 2010 (29)e	Adherence to guidelines for evidence-based assessment and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	CCM	47 practices 142 pediatricians 11 family physicians	Unclear	Un- clear	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Epstein et al., 2010 (30)e	Adherence to guidelines for evidence-based assessment and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	CCM	31 pediatric practices 123 pediatricians *Data from family physicians excluded	Unclear	Un- clear	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Gustafson et al., 2013 (34)	Time to treatment, client retention, and new patient recruitment in addiction centers	NIATx	201 addiction treatment centers	18 months	Un- clear	No	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Haine- Schlagel et al., 2013 (37)	Attendance engagement in community-based early childhood intervention programs	BTS	4 developmental services programs within 1 children’s hospital 29 providers (2 providers did not complete, 1 was added after initiation)	9 months	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No
Katzelnick et al., 2005 (17)	Implementation of the Chronic Care Model for depression treatment in primary healthcare	BTS, CCM	20 healthcare organizations (3 teams did not complete)	13 months	No	No	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
McCarty et al., 2007 (35)f	Time to treatment and client retention in outpatient, intensive outpatient, or residential addiction treatment units	NIATx	FIRST COHORT 13 addiction treatment agencies 7 outpatient, 4 Intensive outpatient, 4 residential units	18 months	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Hoffman et al., 2008 (36)f	Time to treatment and client retention in outpatient, intensive outpatient, or residential addiction treatment units	NIATx	SECOND COHORT 11 addiction treatment agencies 10 outpatient, 4 intensive outpatient units	18 months	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Meredith et al., 2006 (31)	Depression treatment in primary care	BTS, CCM	17 mental health agencies	13 months	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Un- clear	No	No	No	No	Yes
Roosa et al., 2011 (19)	Client retention in chemical dependency treatment & client access to mental health services	NIATx	CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY COLLABORATIVE 4 treatment agencies (1 did not complete) MENTAL HEALTH COLLABORATIVE 6 treatment agencies	27 months	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear	No
Rutkowski et al., 2009 (38)	Time to treatment, no- show rates, admissions, or continuation in treatment for addiction treatment services	NIATx	PHASE I 6 treatment agencies 7 change teams PHASE II 8 treatment agencies 13 change teams	PHASE I 11 months PHASE II 12 months	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Stephan et al., 2011 (39)	Mental health service quality and collaborative care in school- based mental health centers	NA SBHC	19 school-based health centers	15 months	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	Yes
Strating et al., 2012 (55)	Four distinct collaboratives focused on: (1) Social psychiatric care; (2) Recovery- oriented care; (3) Social participation; and (4) Somatic co- morbidity of psychiatric clients	BTS	94 distinct teams of mental health care providers COLLABORATIVE 1 25 teams COLLABORATIVE 2 25 teams COLLABORATIVE 3 26 teams COLLABORATIVE 4 18 teams	12 months	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Vannoy et al., 2011 (18)	Integration of services between community health centers (CHCs) and community mental health centers (CMHCs), specifically improving treatment of depression and bipolar disorder in CHCs and improving care of patients at risk of metabolic syndrome in CMHCs	BTS	15 CHC & CMHC pairs (1 pair dropped out due to staff turnover)	12 months 3 cohorts	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Un- clear	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Versteeg et al., 2012 (33)	Implementation of multidisciplinary practice guidelines in mental healthcare organizations (specific domains: anxiety disorders, dual diagnosis, and schizophrenia)	BTS	19 mental healthcare organizations 26 distinct LC teams	12 months	Un- clear	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	No

^aArticles are organized by author name and grouped by study. Table Abbreviations: BTS: Breakthrough Series; CCM: Chronic Care Model; NIATx: Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment; NASBHC: National Assembly on School-Based Health Care

^bRow Abbreviations: AI: Article Information; LCC: Learning Collaborative Components; QI: Quality Improvement; OP: Organizational Penetration

^cRow Abbreviations: PW: Pre-Work; EP: Expert Panel; ODC: Organizations Demonstrated Commitment; PDSAs: Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles; MD: Multidisciplinary; QIT: Quality Improvement Team; New QI Data: Sites Collected New Data for QI Purposes; QI Data Review: Sites Reviewed QI Data and Used Feedback; Involved Leaders: Involvement and/or Outreach to Organizational Leadership

^{d, e, f}Multiple publications based on the same study data