Figure 5.
Active compounds dose-dependent inhibition of the production of (A) TNF-α and (B) IL-6 induced by LPS in mouse macrophages.
Notes: (A and B) Cells were seeded on a plate with the density of 4.0×105/mL overnight at 37°C and 5% CO2. Macrophages were pre-incubated with vehicle (DMSO) or analogs at 1, 2.5, and 5.0 μM for 2 hours, followed by stimulation with LPS (0.5 μg/mL) for an additional 22 hours. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in culture medium were detected by ELISA and were standardized by the total protein. The results were indicated as the proportion of LPS control. Each bar expresses mean ± SEM of 3–6 independent experiments. Statistical difference with regard to LPS was demonstrated: *P<0.05, **P<0.01.
Abbreviations: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IL-6, interleukin-6; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; SEM, standard error of the mean.