Figure 8.

Cytoplasmic leakage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus affected by the samples in different concentrations with 980 nm irradiation (0.5 W/cm², 30 minutes). It was measured in the supernatant of bacterial culture with an increase in the absorbance at 260 nm. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation $(\overline{x}\pm s\mathrm{n}=5)$.

Note: **P<0.01, compared with curcumin and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs).