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. 2014 Nov 10;9(11):e112560. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112560

Figure 1. Experimental design for measuring adhesive fracture energy of an overlap joint.

Figure 1

Panel 1a shows a roughened wood substrate shown on the left and a smooth (unmodified) substrate on the right. Panel 1b shows a complete overlap joint loaded into the ATS Series 900 Universal Testing Machine.