Table 2.

Sleep quality measures of healthy controls and participants with chronic abdominal pain (CAP)

PSQI measures	Total	CAP	Healthy control	p-value
	(n=59)	(n=19)	(n= 40)
Global PSQI score	4.63 ± 0.41	6.42 ± 0.80	3.78 ± 0.40	0.006*
Sleep latency	0.98 ± 0.12	1.42 ± 0.21	0.78 ± 0.14	0.014*
Sleep disturbances	1.10 ± 0.07	1.32 ± 0.13	1.00 ± 0.07	0.046*
Daytime dysfunction	0.69 ± 0.10	1.16 ± 0.21	0.48 ± 0.10	0.006*
Medications to sleep	0.19 ± 0.08	0.47 ± 0.22	0.05 ± 0.05	0.077
Overall sleep quality	0.92 ± 0.09	1.11 ± 0.15	0.83 ± 0.10	0.131
Duration of sleep	0.39 ± 0.09	0.47 ± 0.18	0.35 ± 0.11	0.558
Sleep efficiency	0.36 ± 0.11	0.47 ± 0.23	0.30 ± 0.11	0.507

PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation; *Significant findings (p-value ≤0.05).