Skip to main content
. 2014 Oct 15;15(10):18610–18622. doi: 10.3390/ijms151018610

Figure 5.

Figure 5

The effects of nicotine and TSC administration against osteoclastogenesis in vitro. TSCs: tobacco smoke components. (A) Cytotoxicity of nicotine and TSCs to UMR106. Cells were seeded at 6.3 × 103/cm2 and subjected to nicotine and TSCs at different concentrations for 9 and 6 days, respectively. All cell numbers were normalized against those treated with control medium; (B) M-csf and Rankl mRNA expression in UMR106. Cells were seeded at 2.8 × 104/cm2 and subjected to nicotine and TSCs at different concentrations for 48 h; (C) Cytotoxicity of nicotine and TSCs to the primary preosteoclasts. Cells were seeded at 1.9 × 105/cm2 and subjected to the adjunct culture medium containing RANKL (15 ng/mL) with/without TSCs and nicotine for 10 days. All cell numbers were normalized against those treated with adjunct culture medium; (D) TRAP staining and its quantitative data. Cells were treated as in (C). Scale Bar: 100 µm. The total number contains mononuclear and multinuclear TRAP-positive cells. All data show mean ± s.d. (n = 3). (A–C) ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05 compared with control (ANOVA with Dunnett’s test) and (D) ** p < 0.01 (ANOVA with a Tukey–Kramer test).