Figure 4.

ROS generation by NADPH oxidase and mitochondria is required for Khz-cp-induced apoptosis. (A) SNU-1 cells were pretreated with DPI or apocynin for 1 h, and the cytochrome c levels in the cytosol were analyzed 2 h after Khz-cp treatment by immunoblot analysis. (B) Cells were pretreated with DPI (10 μM), apocynin (300 μM), or NAC (5 mM) for 30 min, and apoptosis was examined by annexin-V-FITC (An) and PI staining followed by flow cytometric analysis. (C) SNU-1 cells were pretreated with 0.5 μM MitoQ or TPP for 30 min, and apoptosis was analyzed as in Figure  1(C).