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(a) FT-IR spectra of CaP coatings (i) before citric acid treatment and (ii-iv) after incubating in 5 mm citric acid solution for different time periods: (ii) 0.5, (iii) 1 and (iv) 4 hours. The structural formula of citric acid is shown on the bottom. (b) Crystallinity index calculated from FT-IR spectra based on Shemesh’s method. (c) Calcium release from CaP coatings treated differently with citric acid.
