Table 2.
Participants' characteristics by the number of frailty indicators present, Bus Santé study, Geneva, 2006–2010, N = 2,930.
| Participant characteristic | 0 frailty indicator N = 1711 63.5% |
1 frailty indicator N = 921 28.7% |
2 or more frailty indicators N = 298 7.8% |
P value∗ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % or mean (SE) | % or mean (SE) | % or mean (SE) | ||
| Age, years, mean (SE) | 57.5 (0.1) | 63.0 (0.3) | 68.8 (0.5) | <0.0001 |
| Women (%) | 47.8 | 56.1 | 57.8 | <0.0001 |
| Age 50–65 years (%) | 87.1 | 57.2 | 24.7 | <0.0001 |
| Age ≥ 65 years (%) | 12.9 | 42.8 | 75.3 | <0.0001 |
| Swiss nationality (%) | 78.5 | 80.3 | 75.1 | 0.183 |
| Education level (%) | ||||
| Low | 13.4 | 18.0 | 24.4 | <0.0001 |
| Middle | 44.9 | 47.6 | 42.4 | |
| High | 41.6 | 34.4 | 33.2 | |
| Household income (%) | ||||
| <4999 | 16.6 | 28.8 | 49.0 | <0.0001 |
| 5000–9499 | 43.5 | 41.5 | 31.0 | |
| >9500 | 39.9 | 29.7 | 20.1 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 42.5 | 53.6 | 64.9 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 5.8 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 0.069 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 0.170 |
| Angina pectoris (%) | 2.1 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 0.009 |
| Cerebral or legs vascular obstruction (%) | 2.2 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 0.001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 15.4 | 16.9 | 16.6 | 0.569 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SE) | 26.3 (0.2) | 25.7 (0.2) | 26.0 (1.3) | 0.076 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio, mean (SE) | 0.89 (0.00) | 0.88 (0.00) | 0.88 (0.01) | 0.326 |
| Serum total cholesterol, mmol/L, mean (SE) | 5.64 (0.02) | 5.65 (0.03) | 5.48 (0.06) | 0.027 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol, mmol/L, mean (SE) | 1.44 (0.01) | 1.46 (0.01) | 1.50 (0.02) | 0.045 |
| Serum triglycerides, mmol/L, mean (SE) | 1.31 (0.02) | 1.34 (0.03) | 1.20 (0.03) | 0.009 |
*Rao-Scott Chi-square test for dichotomous and categorical variables and F tests for continuous variables.