Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios, based on logistic regression analysis, of underweight and overweight/obesity among women of 15-49 in Addis Ababa, 2000-2011
| Variables | Underweight | Overweight | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2005 | 2011 | 2000 | 2005 | 2011 | |
| Wealth index (RC = Lowest) | ||||||
| Low | 0.66 [0.37, 1.18] | 0.62 [0.39, 1.01]* | 2.59 [1.16, 5.77]* | 2.05 [1.25, 3.37]** | ||
| Middle | 0.66 [0.35, 1.25] | 0.54 [0.32, 0.90]* | 3.03 [1.30, 7.03]* | 2.19 [1.29, 3.71]** | ||
| High | 0.45 [0.23, 0.89]* | 0.54 [0.32, 0.93]* | 3.19 [1.32, 7.72]* | 3.05 [1.74, 5.35]**** | ||
| Highest | 0.19 [0.09, 0.44]**** | 0.33 [0.18, 0.59]**** | 3.83 [1.54, 9.53]*** | 4.64 [2.60, 8.28]**** | ||
| Age 5-year groups (RC = 15-19) | ||||||
| 20-24 | 0.69 [0.49, 0.97]* | 0.97 [0.57, 1.64] | 0.88 [0.59, 1.30] | 0.95 [0.57, 1.59] | 1.44 [0.69, 2.99] | 1.67 [0.96, 2.91] |
| 25-29 | 0.69 [0.46, 1.03] | 0.86 [0.46, 1.62] | 0.90 [0.56, 1.45] | 1.72 [1.03, 2.87]* | 1.16 [0.50, 2.67] | 2.58 [1.47, 4.55]** |
| 30-49 | 0.56 [0.34, 0.92]* | 0.71 [0.33, 1.51] | 0.47 [0.26, 0.86]* | 5.19 [3.02, 8.91]**** | 2.34 [1.02, 5.35]* | 4.41 [2.45, 7.93]**** |
| Marital status (RC = Never married) | ||||||
| Married | 0.83 [0.45, 1.54] | 0.87 [0.28, 2.71] | 0.89 [0.42, 1.90] | 1.84 [0.95, 3.54] | 1.17 [0.40, 3.37] | 1.63 [0.89, 2.98] |
| Others | 0.72 [0.43, 1.18] | 1.06 [0.44, 2.54] | 0.77 [0.40, 1.49] | 1.25 [0.70, 2.25] | 0.93 [0.37, 2.32] | 1.37 [0.79, 2.39] |
| Woman’s education (RC = No education) | ||||||
| Primary education | 1.14 [0.80, 1.63] | 0.92 [0.48, 1.77] | 1.68 [0.90, 3.11] | 1.61 [1.08, 2.41]* | 1.67 [0.82, 3.41] | 1.40 [0.91, 2.17] |
| Secondary and higher | 1.11 [0.80, 1.54] | 1.47 [0.82, 2.65] | 2.10 [1.07, 4.09]* | 2.36 [1.62, 3.44]**** | 1.95 [1.00, 3.80]* | 1.35 [0.85, 2.13] |
| Parity (RC = 0) | ||||||
| 1-3 | 0.91 [0.57, 1.44] | 0.68 [0.27, 1.67] | 0.88 [0.48, 1.61] | 0.60 [0.36, 0.99]* | 2.21 [0.91, 5.36] | 1.52 [0.93, 2.49] |
| 4+ | 0.70 [0.38, 1.29] | 1.20 [0.38, 3.79] | 0.68 [0.24, 1.91] | 0.83 [0.47, 1.47] | 2.09 [0.73, 6.00] | 1.31 [0.69, 2.49] |
| Source of drinking water (RC = Improved) | ||||||
| Unimproved | 1.60 [1.20, 2.12]** | 0.88 [0.54, 1.42] | 0.75 [0.50, 1.10] | 0.65 [0.47, 0.92]* | 0.61 [0.34, 1.09] | 1.17 [0.81, 1.70] |
| Type of toilet facility (RC = Improved) | ||||||
| Unimproved | 1.15 [0.79, 1.67] | 1.06 [0.66, 1.69] | 1.32 [0.93, 1.88]* | 0.79 [0.48, 1.29] | 0.85 [0.50, 1.47] | 0.99 [0.70, 1.41] |
| Relationship to HH head (RC = Head) | ||||||
| Wife | 0.67 [0.38, 1.18] | 1.00 [0.37, 2.67] | 0.65 [0.34, 1.26] | 1.03 [0.62, 1.71] | 0.90 [0.42, 1.91] | 0.78 [0.49, 1.24] |
| Other | 0.59 [0.35, 0.98]* | 1.62 [0.75, 3.50] | 1.03 [0.56, 1.88] | 0.76 [0.44, 1.31] | 0.49 [0.25, 0.98]* | 0.56 [0.33, 0.95]* |
| Age of HH head (RC = ≤ 34) | ||||||
| 35-44 | 1.17 [0.80, 1.73] | 0.76 [0.40, 1.42] | 1.36 [0.85, 2.18] | 1.02 [0.65, 1.60] | 2.20 [1.10, 4.39]* | 1.29 [0.85, 1.96] |
| 45-54 | 1.33 [0.89, 1.99] | 0.74 [0.40, 1.38] | 1.64 [1.02, 2.64]* | 1.28 [0.80, 2.05] | 1.98 [0.94, 4.18] | 1.47 [0.94, 2.31] |
| 55+ | 1.04 [0.68, 1.58] | 0.80 [0.42, 1.52] | 1.08 [0.65, 1.78] | 1.17 [0.70, 1.96] | 1.86 [0.80, 4.29] | 1.76 [1.07, 2.90]* |
| Religion (RC = Orthodox) | ||||||
| Muslim | 0.93 [0.64, 1.34] | 0.31 [0.14, 0.72]** | ||||
| Others | 0.82 [0.54, 1.26] | 0.91 [0.49, 1.67] | ||||
| Watches television (RC = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]* | 1.89 [1.27, 2.81]** | 2.28 [1.12, 4.65]* | |||
*P-value < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001, **** < 0.0001 and no asterisk > = 0.05.