Table 2.
Association between environmental factors and asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema symptoms during the past 12 months (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals) (N = 2340)
|
Variables |
|
Current asthma symptoms WQ
1
|
Current asthma symptoms VQ
2
|
Current Rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms
3
|
Current eczema symptoms
4
|
||||
| |
|
Crude OR (95% CI) |
a OR
5
(95% CI) |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
a OR
5
(95% CI) |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
a OR
5
(95% CI) |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
a OR
5
(95% CI) |
|
Current dog contact |
Yes6 |
1.36 (0.97–1.92) |
1.31 (0.90–1.90) |
1.38 (0.79–2.38) |
1.23 (0.65–2.31) |
1.60 (1.16–2.20) |
1.37 (0.97–1.94) |
1.08 (0.71–1.65) |
0.85 (0.54–1.35) |
|
Current cat contact |
Yes6 |
1.18 (0.94–1.48) |
1.09 (0.86–1.39) |
1.48 (1.02–2.15) |
1.43 (0.96–2.13) |
1.35 (1.09–1.66) |
1.22 (0.97–1.52) |
1.46 (1.07–1.97) |
1.37 (0.99–1.90) |
|
Current contact to farm animals |
Yes6 |
1.29 (1.03–1.62) |
1.19 (0.94–1.51) |
1.13 (0.79–1.63) |
0.97 (0.66–1.44) |
1.71 (1.39–2.10) |
1.48 (1.19–1.84) |
1.46 (1.09–1.96) |
1.31 (0.96–1.79) |
|
Intense truck traffic7 |
Yes6 |
1.24 (0.98–1.57) |
1.22 (0.95–1.56) |
1.53 (1.06–2.20) |
1.53 (1.04–2.25) |
1.33 (1.07–1.65) |
1.27 (1.01–1.59) |
1.44 (1.07–1.95) |
1.44 (1.05–1.97) |
|
Environmental tobacco smoke exposure |
Yes6 |
1.30 (1.04–1.63) |
1.23 (0.97–1.56) |
1.07 (0.75–1.55) |
1.12 (0.76–1.66) |
1.31 (1.06–1.61) |
1.21 (0.97–1.51) |
1.34 (1.00–1.80) |
1.30 (0.95–1.77) |
|
Cooking fuel |
Gas or electricity |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| |
Wood or coal |
1.01 (0.75–1.37) |
0.86 (0.62–1.19) |
1.80 (1.12–2.89) |
1.94 (1.16–3.26) |
0.99 (0.75–1.30) |
0.81 (0.60–1.11) |
0.95 (0.64–1.40) |
0.84 (0.54–1.30) |
|
Presence of disease vectors at home
8
|
Quartile 1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| |
Quartile 2 |
1.19 (0.90–1.57) |
1.14 (0.86–1.53) |
1.02 (0.65–1.60) |
1.15 (0.72–1.84) |
0.94 (0.72–1.22) |
0.88 (0.67–1.16) |
0.91 (0.62–1.35) |
0.88 (0.59–1.32) |
| |
Quartile 3 |
1.27 (0.93–1.73) |
1.17 (0.85–1.61) |
1.09 (0.67–1.79) |
1.10 (0.65–1.88) |
1.31 (0.99–1.73) |
1.25 (0.94–1.68) |
1.54 (1.05–2.26) |
1.54 (1.03–2.30) |
| |
Quartile 4 |
1.68 (1.20–2.36) |
1.49 (1.04–2.14) |
1.81 (1.08–3.03) |
2.19 (1.25–3.82) |
1.84 (1.35–2.50) |
1.64 (1.18–2.30) |
1.87 (1.23–2.82) |
1.82 (1.15–2.87) |
|
Precarious household conditions
9
|
None |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| |
1 |
1.19 (0.91–1.57) |
1.22 (0.92–1.62) |
1.09 (0.70–1.70) |
0.93 (0.57–1.51) |
1.03 (0.79–1.33) |
1.00 (0.76–1.31) |
0.96 (0.67–1.40) |
0.92 (0.62–1.36) |
| |
≥ 2 |
1.31 (0.89–1.92) |
1.30 (0.86–1.96) |
1.03 (0.53–2.01) |
0.94 (0.47–1.89) |
1.57 (1.10–2.24) |
1.51 (1.03–2.22) |
1.24 (0.75–2.04) |
1.12 (0.64–1.94) |
|
Number of item ownership
10
|
Quartile 1 |
1 |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
– |
| |
Quartile 2 |
0.96 (0.71–1.30) |
– |
1.12 (0.68–1.84) |
– |
0.84 (0.63–1.11) |
– |
1.31 (0.88–1.95) |
– |
| |
Quartile 3 |
0.94 (0.69–1.29) |
– |
1.23 (0.75–2.02) |
– |
0.86 (0.65–1.14) |
– |
1.20 (0.79–1.80) |
– |
| Quartile 4 | 1.03 (0.76–1.39) | – | 1.06 (0.64–1.75) | – | 0.94 (0.71–1.24) | – | 1.18 (0.78–1.76) | – | |
1Positive answer to the question: “Have you had wheezing or whistling in the chest during the last 12 months?”in the written questionnaire.
2Positive answer to the first scene of the video questionnaire: Moderate wheezing at rest.
3Presence of sneezing or a runny or blocked nose, accompanied by itchy watery eyes without a cold or the flu.
4Presence of an itchy rash at any time in the past 12 months affecting the following places: the folds of the elbows; behind the knees; in front of the ankles; under the buttocks; or around the neck, ears, or eyes.
5Adjusted by sex, age and place of living.
6Comparison group: no contact/exposure.
7Intense truck traffic: Almost the whole day.
8Disease vectors: fleas, ticks, kissing bugs, mice, bedbugs, flies.
9Precarious floor: soil; Precarious walls: cane, palm or trunk; Precarious source of water for cooking: river, lake, pump or water tank car; Precarious sewage system: to the surface or to a septic tank.
10Item ownership: Radio, TV, bicycle, motorbike, car, refrigerator, telephone.