Table 4.
Early childhood predictors (T2- 9-months of age) of toddlers’ physical activity (mins/day) at 19-months of age
|
Variable |
Model A
a
|
Model B
b
|
Model C
c
|
|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
|
Maternal beliefs |
|
|
|
| Physical activity optimism |
10.83 (-1.16, 22.82) |
10.21 (-1.75, 22.16) |
9.24 (-2.34, 20.81) |
| Physical activity self-efficacy |
6.03 (-6.01, 18.06) |
|
|
| Future expectations |
6.31 (-2.65, 15.28) |
|
|
| TV use |
-3.03 (-11.38, 5.32) |
|
|
| TV self-efficacy |
3.19 (-4.83, 11.20) |
|
|
|
Maternal behaviours |
|
|
|
| Maternal physical activity (mins/week) |
0.01 (-0.01, 0.02) |
|
|
| Maternal screen time (mins/week) |
-0.01 (-0.06, 0.03) |
|
|
|
Infant behaviours |
|
|
|
| Time spent playing games with adult (mins/week) |
0.04 (-0.05, 0.13) |
|
|
| Time spent being physically active with mum (mins/week) |
0.09 (0.02, 0.15) |
0.07 (0.01, 0.14) |
0.06 (0.01, 0.12) |
| Time spent having tummy time (mins/week) |
-0.03 (-0.07, 0.01) |
|
|
| Time spent on the floor (mins/week) |
0.03 (-0.02, 0.07) |
|
|
| Time spent with other babies of a similar age (mins/week) |
-0.05 (-0.08, -0.01) |
-0.04 (-0.08, -0.01) |
-0.03 (-0.08, 0.01) |
| Time spent with older toddlers or children (mins/week) |
-0.02 (-0.11, 0.08) |
|
|
| Time spent outside (mins/week) |
0.03 (-0.08, 0.14) |
|
|
|
Home environment |
|
|
|
| Physical activity equipment in home (# items) | 0.43 (-3.79, 4.65) |
aAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group and clustering by mother’s group attended.
bAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group, clustering by mother’s group attended, and all variables associated in Model A (p-value of ≤0.10).
cAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group, clustering by mother’s group attended, all variables associated with PA in Model A (p-value of ≤ 0.10), maternal education and age when the child began walking.