Table 3.
Odds Ratios (OR) of Hyperuricemia (≥7 mg/dL) and Differences in Serum Uric Acid Levels (mg/dL) According to Diuretic Use Change
Diuretic Use Change |
|||
---|---|---|---|
Outcomes | No Change | Addition | Discontinuation |
Hyperuricemia | |||
Number of visits | 54,308 | 7535 | 2801 |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Referent) | 3.66 (3.39, 3.96) | 0.41 (0.37, 0.46) |
Multivariate ORa (95% CI) | 1.00 (Referent) | 3.40 (3.13, 3.69) | 0.39 (0.35, 0.44) |
Multivariate ORb (95% CI) | 1.00 (Referent) | 3.32 (3.06, 3.61) | 0.39 (0.35, 0.44) |
Serum uric acid level | |||
Unadjusted difference (95% CI) | 0 (Referent) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | −0.67 (−0.75, −0.59) |
Multivariate differencea (95% CI) | 0 (Referent) | 0.91 (0.86, 0.97) | −0.67 (−, −0.59) |
Multivariate differenceb (95% CI) | 0 (Referent) | 0.89 (0.84, 0.95) | −0.66 (−0.73, −0.58) |
Adjusted for baseline covariates (race, education level, CHF, hypertension, and weight), and time-varying covariates (age, change of status [CHF, hypertension], weight change, alcohol intake, and serum creatinine level).
Further adjusted for time-varying dietary factors (intakes of fructose, caffeine, total protein, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyun saturated fat, and fiber).