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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 12.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2011 Mar 24;41(3):471–476. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2011.02.002

Table 3.

Odds Ratios (OR) of Hyperuricemia (≥7 mg/dL) and Differences in Serum Uric Acid Levels (mg/dL) According to Diuretic Use Change

Diuretic Use Change
Outcomes No Change Addition Discontinuation
Hyperuricemia
 Number of visits 54,308 7535 2801
 Unadjusted OR (95% CI) 1.00 (Referent) 3.66 (3.39, 3.96) 0.41 (0.37, 0.46)
 Multivariate ORa (95% CI) 1.00 (Referent) 3.40 (3.13, 3.69) 0.39 (0.35, 0.44)
 Multivariate ORb (95% CI) 1.00 (Referent) 3.32 (3.06, 3.61) 0.39 (0.35, 0.44)
Serum uric acid level
 Unadjusted difference (95% CI) 0 (Referent) 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) −0.67 (−0.75, −0.59)
 Multivariate differencea (95% CI) 0 (Referent) 0.91 (0.86, 0.97) −0.67 (−, −0.59)
 Multivariate differenceb (95% CI) 0 (Referent) 0.89 (0.84, 0.95) −0.66 (−0.73, −0.58)
a

Adjusted for baseline covariates (race, education level, CHF, hypertension, and weight), and time-varying covariates (age, change of status [CHF, hypertension], weight change, alcohol intake, and serum creatinine level).

b

Further adjusted for time-varying dietary factors (intakes of fructose, caffeine, total protein, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyun saturated fat, and fiber).