Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | Study cohort (n = 552) | PHT cohort (n = 297) | Non-PHT cohort (n = 255) | P-value | DC (n = 332) | VC (n = 220) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66.4 (12.3) | 65.4 (12.3) | 67.4 (12.2) | 0.057 | 65.3 (11.7) | 67.8 (13.4) | 0.137 |
| Females | 288 (52.2%) | 145 (48.8%) | 142 (55.7%) | 0.108 | 171 (52.0%) | 117 (53.0%) | 0.471 |
| Caucasians | 480 (87%) | 261 (87.8%) | 219 (85.8%) | 0.487 | 286 (86.1%) | 194 (88.2%) | 0.118 |
| Tobacco use | 252 (45.5%) | 130 (43.8%) | 121 (47.5%) | 0.387 | 145 (44.0%) | 107 (49.0%) | 0.077 |
| Diabetes | 175 (31.7%) | 99 (29.8%) | 76 (33.3%) | 0.374 | 101 (30.4%) | 74 (34.0%) | 0.091 |
| Hypertension | 331 (60.0%) | 171 (57.6%) | 160 (62.8%) | 0.217 | 212 (64%) | 119 (54%) | 0.039 |
| CAD | 302 (54.5%) | 157 (52.9%) | 145 (56.9%) | 0.346 | 166 (50%) | 136 (62%) | 0.044 |
| COPD | 79 (14.6%) | 39 (13.5%) | 40 (16%) | 0.464 | 52 (16%) | 27 (12%) | 0.101 |
| Right axis deviation | 19 (3.26%) | 13 (4.38%) | 6 (2.35%) | 0.420 | 12 (3.6%) | 7 (3.2%) | 0.610 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 (7.0) | 26.0 (6.9) | 27.1 (7.1) | 0.111 | 27.1 (5.6) | 26.4 (6.3) | 0.331 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.8 (1.9) | 12.9 (1.8) | 12.7 (1.9) | 0.170 | 13.0 (1.2) | 12.6 (1.7) | 0.299 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.1 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.6) | 0.298 | 0.9 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.772 |
| eGFR | 69.9 (29.1) | 71.1 (29.4) | 68.5 (28.7) | 0.381 | 73.4 (23.7) | 70.1 (26.4) | 0.113 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 156.3 (46.2) | 161.0 (56.3) | 152.6 (36.3) | 0.352 | 166 (51.2) | 157 (43.9) | 0.038 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 86.6 (39.3) | 91.6 (43.9) | 82.7 (35.0) | 0.237 | 90.7 (40.1) | 110.8 (29.1) | 0.029 |
BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DC: development cohort; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL: low density lipoprotein; PHT: pulmonary hypertension; VC: validation cohort.