Table 3. Effect of temperature on the conversion of smooth V. cholerae strains to the rugose phenotype.
| Strains | Source | Year of isolation | Total number (n) of isolates examined | Rugose conversion frequency1 (%) | |
| 25°C | 37°C | ||||
| V. cholerae O1 | Clinical | 2010 | 14 | 0 (0) | 1 (7.1) |
| V. cholerae O1 | Clinical | 2012 | 27 | 6 (22.2) | 17 (63.0) |
| V. cholerae O1 | Clinical | 2013 | 29 | 4 (13.8) | 11 (37.9) |
| V. cholerae O1 | Environmental | 2012 | 7 | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) |
| V. cholerae O1 | Environmental | 2013 | 17 | 4 (23.5) | 7 (41.2) |
| V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 | Environmental | 2012 | 54 | 5 (9.3) | 28 (51.9) |
| V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 | Environmental | 2013 | 24 | 2 (8.3) | 10 (41.7) |
| Total | 172 | 23(13.4) * | 79(45.9) * | ||
1
Number of strains converted from smooth to rugose phenotype is included. With the exception of one clinical strain, all strains that exhibited a rugose phenotype at 25°C also expressed the rugose phenotype at 37°C (please see Table S1).
*Differences between rates of rugose conversion at 25°C and 37°C are statistically significant