TABLE 2. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) logistic regression analysis of factors associated with HCV seroconversion among participants in Vancouver, Canada 1996 – 2012 (n = 1004).

Characteristic	Odds Ratio (OR)
	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR** (95% CI)
Methadone treatment
Yes vs. No	0.67 (0.45 – 0.99)	0.47 (0.29 – 0.76)
Age
Per year older	0.99 (0.98 –1.01)	0.99 (0.97 –1.02)
Gender
Female vs. Male	1.60 (1.17 –2.17)	1.38 (0.90 –2.10)
Caucasian ethnicity
Yes vs. No	1.10 (0.81 –1.50)	1.16 (0.78 –1.73)
Unstable Housing
Yes vs. No	2.03 (1.51 –2.73)	1.83 (1.30 –2.59)
Cocaine Injection *
Yes vs. No	4.67 (3.55 –6.15)	2.46 (1.65 –3.66)
Heroin Injection *
Yes vs. No	4.61 (3.42 –6.21)	2.21 (1.44 –3.40)
Methamphetamine Injection *
Yes vs. No	2.59 (1.83 –3.68)	3.77 (2.41 –5.89)

Abbreviations: OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval,

^*Denotes activities in the previous 6 months.

^**Estimates also adjusted for cohort of recruitment, calendar year of recruitment and follow up time for each participant.