Table 1.

Hemodynamic and echocardiographic changes typically observed in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

Increased cardiac output and blood volume

Decreased left ventricular afterload due to peripheral vasodilation

Enhanced sympathetic nervous activity

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Left atrial enlargement

Elevated left ventricular end-diastolic diameter

Impairment of diastolic function

Evident systolic dysfunction only during stress